{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:45:49Z","timestamp":1791380749192,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001734","name":"K\u00f8benhavns Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001734","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001825","name":"Styrelsen for Forskning og Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004590","name":"Helse Midt-Norge","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children born after assisted reproductive technology, particularly singletons, have been shown to have an increased risk of congenital malformations compared with children born after spontaneous conception. We wished to study whether there has been a change in the past 20 years in the risk of major congenital malformations in children conceived after assisted reproductive technology compared with children spontaneously conceived.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Population\u2010based cohort study including 90 201 assisted reproductive technology children and 482 552 children spontaneously conceived, born in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Both singletons and twins born after in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmatic sperm injection and frozen embryo transfer were included. Data on children were taken from when the national Nordic assisted reproductive technology registries were established until 2007. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risks and adjusted odds ratios for congenital malformations in four time periods: 1988\u20131992, 1993\u20131997, 1998\u20132002 and 2003\u20132007. Only major malformations were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The absolute risk for singletons of being born with a major malformation was 3.4% among assisted reproductive technology children vs. 2.9% among children spontaneously conceived during the study period. The relative risk of being born with a major congenital malformation between all assisted reproductive technology children and children spontaneously conceived remained similar through all four time periods (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.39). However, we found that over time the number of children diagnosed with a major malformation increased in both groups across all four time periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>When comparing children conceived after assisted reproductive technology and spontaneously conceived, the relative risk of being born with a major congenital malformation did not change during the study period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T05:30:22Z","timestamp":1521869422000},"page":"816-823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Trends over time in congenital malformations in live\u2010born children conceived after assisted reproductive technology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7172-6288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna\u2010Karina A.","family":"Henningsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fertility Clinic Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6049-7731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Bergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Reproductive Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolv","family":"Skjaerven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Health Care University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Medical Birth Registry of Norway Norwegian Institute of Public Health Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aila","family":"Tiitinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2475-2226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulla\u2010Britt","family":"Wennerholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perinatal Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University Sahlgrenska University Hospital\/East Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liv B.","family":"Romundstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spiren Fertility Clinic Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Central Norway Regional Health Authority Stj\u00f8rdal Norway"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and General Practice Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Division of Family Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe","family":"Opdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Norway Regional Health Authority Stj\u00f8rdal Norway"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and General Practice Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Nyboe Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fertility Clinic 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