{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:50:29Z","timestamp":1784569829310,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]],"date-time":"2018-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Finnish Medical Foundation and Finnish Medical Association"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>The aim of this study was to compare the mental health problems between parents after oocyte donation treatment, after in vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ICSI<\/jats:styled-content>) with own gametes and after naturally conceiving (NC<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Material and methods<\/jats:title>This is a prospective, longitudinal questionnaire study. The study group consisted of 26 oocyte donation mothers and their matched IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ICSI<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a052) and NC<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a052) controls. Matching was performed according to mother's age, parity, type of pregnancy, and number of returned questionnaires. The parents filled\u2010in the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ<\/jats:styled-content>\u201036) at gestational weeks 18\u201020 (T1), and at 2\u00a0months (T2) and 12\u00a0months (T3) after the childbirth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Full response rate (T1\u2010T3) for oocyte donation mothers was 76.9% and for oocyte donation fathers was 73.1%. At T1, no significant differences were found between groups in depression, anxiety, sleeping difficulties, or social dysfunction, but they differed at T2 and T3 in anxiety (T2, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.02; T3, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01), in sleeping difficulties (T2, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.02; T3, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.04) and in social dysfunction (T2, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01; T3, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.04). Oocyte donation mothers showed less anxiety than NC<\/jats:styled-content> mothers (T2, T3), and fewer sleeping difficulties and less social dysfunction than IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ICSI<\/jats:styled-content> (T2, T3) and NC<\/jats:styled-content> mothers (T2). Mental health problems of oocyte donation fathers did not differ from those of IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ICSI<\/jats:styled-content> and NC<\/jats:styled-content> control fathers at T1\u2010T3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Oocyte donation mothers showed fewer mental health symptoms in early parenthood compared with IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ICSI<\/jats:styled-content> and NC<\/jats:styled-content> mothers. No differences were found among mothers during pregnancy and among fathers at any time point.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T16:44:23Z","timestamp":1530809063000},"page":"1478-1485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The mental health of mothers and fathers during pregnancy and early parenthood after successful oocyte donation treatment: A nested case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8628-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mari","family":"S\u00e4levaara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"V\u00e4est\u00f6liitto Fertility Clinic Helsinki Helsinki 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