{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T22:07:19Z","timestamp":1779919639247,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009780","name":"Region Sk\u00e5ne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003252","name":"Lunds Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traditional validation of umbilical cord blood samples with positive veno\u2010arterial \u0394pH and arterio\u2010venous \u0394p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values confirms the source of samples, whereas negative \u0394values represent mix\u2010up of samples. To investigate whether this is true, the distributions of V\u2010A \u0394pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and A\u2010V \u0394lactate were also explored and related to clinical characteristics. In addition, different cord blood sampling techniques were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Register study with cord blood acid\u2010base and clinical data from 27\u00a0233 newborns. Clinical characteristics were related to positive, zero and negative \u0394values. Blood samplings from unclamped and double\u2010clamped cords were compared. A two\u2010sided <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.05 was considered significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u0394pH and \u0394p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values distributed into positive, around zero, and negative sub\u2010populations, with significant differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> and clinical characteristics between sub\u2010populations. No such sub\u2010populations were distinguished for \u0394pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and \u0394lactate. The 2.5th and 5th \u0394pH percentiles were 0.013 and 0.022, respectively, and for \u0394p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> 0.30 and 0.53\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">kP<\/jats:styled-content>a. Applying 5th percentile criteria resulted in 3.5% of \u201capproved\u201d cases showing a \u0394pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00. Puncture and sampling of the unclamped cord resulted in significantly better sample quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unphysiological negative \u0394pO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values occurred despite correct validation with traditional criteria. \u0394lactate cannot be used for validation because both positive and negative values are physiological. Positive\/around zero\/negative \u0394pH and \u0394p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> sub\u2010populations were associated with significant differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content> and clinical characteristics, indicating that defective sampling and sample handling are not the sole explanations for negative \u0394values. Prompt puncture and sampling of the unclamped cord resulted in best sample quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T13:46:14Z","timestamp":1537969574000},"page":"167-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Arterio\u2010venous blood gas \u0394values for validation of umbilical cord blood samples at birth are not only biased by sample mix ups but also affected by clinical factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Parisa","family":"Mokarami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9032-5428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nana","family":"Wiberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5765-2630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"K\u00e4ll\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution of Clinical Sciences Lund Center for Reproductive Epidemiology Tornblad Institute Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0792-1393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institution of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13581.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02711.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2012.03308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(79)90004-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"Fetal Surveillance","author":"Sundstr\u00f6m A\u2010K","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Radiometer ASM.Reference manual for ABL TM 700 series. 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