{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:26:43Z","timestamp":1791581203308,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bishop score, the traditional method to assess cervical condition, is not a promising predictive tool of the outcome of labor induction. As an objective assessment tool, many cervical ultrasound measurements have been proposed to represent the individual components of the Bishop score, but none of them can measure the cervical stiffness. Cervical shear wave elastography is a novel tool to assess the cervical stiffness quantitatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 475 women who required labor induction were studied prospectively. Prior to routine digital assessment of the Bishop score, transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length, posterior cervical angle, angle of progression and shear wave elastography was performed. Shear wave elastography measurement was made at the inner, middle and outer regions of the cervix to assess homogeneity. Association of labor induction outcomes including the overall cesarean section and subgroups of cesarean section for failure to enter active phase, with cervical sonographic parameters and the Bishop score, were assessed using multivariate regression analyses. The predictive accuracy of the outcomes using models based on ultrasound measurement and the Bishop score was compared using the area under the receiver\u2010operating characteristics curves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 475 women, 82 (17.3%) required cesarean section. Shear wave elasticity was significantly higher in the inner cervical region than in other regions, indicating a greater stiffness (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). Both inner cervical shear wave elasticity and cervical length were independent predictors of overall cesarean section (respective adjusted odds ratio [95% CI] 1.338 [1.001\u20101.598] and 1.717 [1.077\u20101.663]) and cesarean section for failure to enter active phase (respective adjusted odds ratio [95% CI] 1.689 [1.234\u20102.311] and 2.556 [1.462\u20104.467]), after adjusting for other covariates. Outcome prediction models using inner cervical shear wave elasticity and cervical length, had increased area under curve compared with models using the Bishop score (0.888 vs 0.819, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.009).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cervix is not a homogenous structure, with the inner cervix having the highest stiffness, which is an independent predictor of overall cesarean section, and specifically for those indicated because of failure to enter active phase. Models based on shear wave elastography and cervical length had higher predictive accuracy than models based on the Bishop score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T05:04:23Z","timestamp":1573016663000},"page":"59-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The predictive value of cervical shear wave elastography in the outcome of labor induction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne Kwun Yue","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sin Yee Stella","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daljit Singh","family":"Sahota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. L.","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liona C.","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tak Yeung","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(02)02047-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"266","article-title":"Pelvic scoring for elective induction","volume":"24","author":"Bishop EH","year":"1964","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(03)00336-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1331024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6329"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767051003678135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15931"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.9021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000355084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12389"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2013.2617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1553325"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90298-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.17514"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"1469","article-title":"ACOG Committee Opinion. 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