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Women with self\u2010reported PCOS symptoms (presence of both oligo\u2010amenorrhea and hirsutism) at age 31 or with formally diagnosed polycystic ovaries (PCO)\/PCOS by age 46 formed the group of self\u2010reported PCOS (srPCOS, n\u00a0=\u00a0222) and were compared with women without self\u2010reported PCOS symptoms or diagnosis (n\u00a0=\u00a01357). We investigated also the association of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism or biochemical hyperandrogenism) at age 31 with the occurrence of GDM throughout reproductive life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010reported PCOS alone was not a risk factor for GDM, but combined with overweight at age 31 (odds ratio [OR] 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22\u20104.86) or 46 (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.58\u20105.83) srPCOS was associated with GDM when compared with normal weight controls. The association disappeared when comparing overweight srPCOS women with overweight controls. However, hyperandrogenemia at age 31, but not hirsutism, was associated with GDM even after adjustment for BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increased risk of GDM in women with srPCOS was mostly attributed to overweight or obesity. Importantly, normal weight women with srPCOS did not seem to be at increased risk for developing GDM. However, hyperandrogenemia was associated with GDM even after adjustment for BMI. These findings strengthen the importance of weight management in reproductive\u2010age women and suggest a noteworthy role of hyperandrogenemia in the pathophysiology of GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,25]],"date-time":"2020-04-25T20:25:07Z","timestamp":1587846307000},"page":"1311-1319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Overweight, obesity and hyperandrogenemia are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A follow\u2010up cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1560-5294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sammeli","family":"West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit (Research Unit for Pediatrics Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology 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NordLab Oulu Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimo","family":"Ruokonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry NordLab Oulu Oulu University Hospital University of Oulu Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjo\u2010Riitta","family":"J\u00e4rvelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Children, Young People and Families National Institute for Health and Welfare Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Center for Environment and Health School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Course Health Research Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu 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