{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:57:08Z","timestamp":1792292228755,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prenatal maternal distress has a negative impact on the course of pregnancy, fetal development, offspring development, and later psychopathologies. The study aimed to determine the extent to which the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic may aggravate the prenatal distress and psychiatric symptomatology of pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two cohorts of pregnant volunteer women were evaluated, one that was recruited before the COVID\u201019 pandemic (n\u00a0=\u00a0496) through advertisements in prenatal clinics in Quebec, Canada, from April 2018 to March 2020; the other (n\u00a0=\u00a01258) was recruited online during the pandemic from 2 April to 13 April 2020. Prenatal distress and psychiatric symptomatology were measured with the Kessler Distress Scale (K10), Post\u2010traumatic Checklist for DSM\u20105 (PCL\u20105), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES\u2010II), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 1754 pregnant women (M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a029.27, SD\u00a0=\u00a04.23) were between 4 and 41 gestational weeks (M\u00a0=\u00a024.80, SD\u00a0=\u00a09.42), were generally educated (91.3% had post\u2010high\u2010school training), and financially well\u2010resourced (85.3% were above the low\u2010income cut\u2010off). A multivariate analysis of covariance controlling for age, gestational age, household income, education, and lifetime psychiatric disorders showed a large effect size (ES) in the difference between the two cohorts on psychiatric symptoms (Wilks\u2019 \u03bb\u00a0=\u00a00.68, <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>6,1400<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a0108.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, partial \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.32). According to post\u2010hoc analyses of covariance, the COVID\u201019 women reported higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms (ES\u00a0=\u00a00.57), dissociative symptoms (ES\u00a0=\u00a00.22 and ES\u00a0=\u00a00.25), symptoms of post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (ES\u00a0=\u00a00.19), and negative affectivity (ES\u00a0=\u00a00.96), and less positive affectivity (ES\u00a0=\u00a00.95) than the pre\u2010COVID\u201019 cohort. Women from the COVID\u201019 cohort were more likely than pre\u2010COVID\u201019 women to present clinically significant levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.94, <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>[1]\u00a0=\u00a010.05, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.002). Multiple regression analyses indicated that pregnant women in the COVID\u201019 cohort having a previous psychiatric diagnosis or low income would be more prone to elevated distress and psychiatric symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women assessed during the COVID\u201019 pandemic reported more distress and psychiatric symptoms than pregnant women assessed before the pandemic, mainly in the form of depression and anxiety symptoms. Given the harmful consequences of prenatal distress on mothers and offspring, the presently observed upsurge of symptoms in pregnant women calls for special means of clinical surveillance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T07:47:05Z","timestamp":1590392825000},"page":"848-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":375,"title":["Uptrend in distress and psychiatric symptomatology in pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6781-0460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Berthelot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Sciences Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois\u2010Rivi\u00e8res Trois\u2010Rivi\u00e8res QC Canada"},{"name":"Center d'\u00c9tudes 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