{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:06:25Z","timestamp":1775693185026,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Targeted routine antenatal anti\u2010D prophylaxis was introduced to the national prophylaxis program in Finland in late 2013. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, time\u2010points, and risk factors for Rhesus D immunization after the implementation of routine antenatal anti\u2010D prophylaxis, in all women in Finland with antenatal anti\u2010D antibodies detected in 2014\u20132017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a nationwide population\u2010based retrospective cohort study, the incidence, time\u2010points, and risk factors of anti\u2010D immunizations were analyzed. Information on antenatal screening was obtained from the Finnish Red Cross Blood Service database, and obstetric data from hospital records and the Finnish Medical Birth Register.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included a total of 228 women (197 with complete data for all pregnancies). After the implementation of routine antenatal anti\u2010D prophylaxis, the prevalence of pregnancies with anti\u2010D antibodies decreased from 1.52% in 2014 to 0.88% in 2017, and the corresponding incidence of new immunizations decreased from 0.33% to 0.10%. Time\u2010points for detection of new anti\u2010D antibodies before and after 2014 were the first screening sample at 8\u201312\u00a0weeks of gestation in 52% vs 19%, the second sample at 24\u201326\u00a0weeks in 20% vs 50%, and the third screening at 36\u00a0weeks in 28% vs 32%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of new anti\u2010D immunizations decreased as expected after the implementation of routine antenatal anti\u2010D prophylaxis. True failures are rare and they mainly occur when the prophylaxis is not given appropriately, suggesting a need for constant education of healthcare professionals on the subject.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T18:35:55Z","timestamp":1624386955000},"page":"1868-1875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Time points and risk factors for RhD immunizations after the implementation of targeted routine antenatal anti\u2010D prophylaxis: A retrospective nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7459-2032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riina","family":"Jernman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Isaksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"Haimila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malla","family":"Kuosmanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaarin","family":"M\u00e4kikallio\u2010Anttila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suvi","family":"Toivonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maija\u2010Riitta","family":"Ord\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kati","family":"Sulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3217-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kati","family":"Tihtonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marja","family":"V\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4sm\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8908-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanna","family":"Sainio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00226.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"BarnettD BuckleyB CampbellC et al. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.Routine Antenatal Anti\u2010D Prophylaxis for Women Who Are Rhesus D Negative.2008; NICE Technology Appraisal Guidance 156.https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ta156. Accessed June 1 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030711"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"CD000020","article-title":"Anti\u2010D administration in pregnancy for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation","author":"Crowther C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"328","article-title":"Current status of immunoprophylaxis with anti\u2010D immunoglobin","volume":"85","author":"Engelfriet CP","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.01742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2016.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02244.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070984"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"HeinoA VuoriE KiuruS GisslerM.Perinataalitilasto. Medical Birth Register.2018; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare.https:\/\/www.thl.fi. Accessed June 1 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12299"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/133.3.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.22255"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Incidence of maternal sensitization to Rh(D) in Christchurch, New Zealand and reasons for prophylaxis failures","volume":"127","author":"Badami KG","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"The Human Immune Response to Rh Antigens","author":"Dohmen SE","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2005.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"Serious Hazards of Transfusion.Anti\u2010D Immunisation Reporting.https:\/\/www.shotuk.org\/reporting\/anti\u2010d\u2010immunisation\u2010reporting\/. Accessed December 1 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01377.x"}],"container-title":["Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.14216","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aogs.14216","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.14216","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T03:34:40Z","timestamp":1693280080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aogs.14216"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aogs.14216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14216","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6349","1600-0412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6349","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}