{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:56:56Z","timestamp":1791097016226,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of persons with gender incongruence referred to health care is increasing, but national data on the incidence of gender incongruence are lacking. The aim of this study was to quantify the development in number of individuals with gender incongruence over time and to estimate the national incidence in Denmark.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Historical descriptive cohort study. Individuals older than 18\u00a0years with legal sex\u2010change in their person registration number were achieved from Statistics Denmark, and the National Health Register provided data on contact diagnoses related to gender\u2010identity conditions. By combining these two data sources, we made estimates on incidence and incidence rates for individuals with gender incongruence in Denmark through a 41\u2010year period 1980\u20132020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through 1980\u20132020, the annual number of legal sex\u2010changes increased in individuals assigned female at birth from 5 to approximately 170 and among individuals assigned male at birth from 10 to approximately 150. The cumulative number of legal sex\u2010changes at the end of 2019 was 1275 assigned female at birth and 1422 assigned male at birth and 66% of the legal sex\u2010changes were in individuals below 30\u00a0years. Correspondingly, the annual number of contacts with the healthcare system due for gender\u2010identity\u2010related conditions increased from 30 during 1990\u20131999 to around 500 in 2017 (both genders combined), with a 10\u2010fold increase from 2010 to 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of legal sex\u2010changes and healthcare contacts due to gender\u2010identity\u2010related diagnoses increased substantially over the last 40\u00a0years with a more than 10\u2010fold increase during the last decade. This calls for research on possible explanations for this increase, for research on the short\u2010term and long\u2010term health consequences of hormonal and surgical treatment regimens and for ensuring adequate healthcare facilities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T05:50:36Z","timestamp":1627019436000},"page":"1800-1805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Gender incongruence in Denmark, a quantitative assessment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2946-4912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malene","family":"Hilden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gender Identity Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8338-8025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorte","family":"Glintborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Odense University Hospital University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4603-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne Skovsager","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Odense University Hospital University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natacha","family":"Kyster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gender Identity Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steen Christian","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Tolstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7071-5496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d8jvind","family":"Lidegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2011.700873"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2015.1075931"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-013-0140-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-014-0452-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"FrischM MoseholmE AnderssonM AndresenJB GraugaardC.Sex i Denmark: N\u00f8gletal fra Projekt SEXUS 2017\u20132018. [Sex in Denmark. Key findings from Project SEXUS 2017\u20132018] In Danish.State Serum Institute Aalborg University;2019:1\u2010764.https:\/\/files.projektsexus.dk\/2019\u201010\u201026_SEXUS\u2010rapport_2017\u20102018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-018-1204-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12817"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH17067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2020.1753136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S91125"}],"container-title":["Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.14227","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aogs.14227","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.14227","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T03:34:35Z","timestamp":1693280075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aogs.14227"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aogs.14227"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14227","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6349","1600-0412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6349","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}