{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:06:58Z","timestamp":1790615218467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,2]],"date-time":"2021-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF16OC0020488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF16OC0020488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vaginal colonization with <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic> (group B streptococci) is hypothesized to constitute a risk factor for preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. In vitro studies have shown that <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from infants with neonatal sepsis adhere to chorion cells of the human chorioamniotic membrane. However, it is still unknown whether <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> strains penetrate the chorioamniotic membranes and whether <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> colonization affects the biomechanical properties of the membranes and thus contributes to increased risk of preterm prelabor rupture. The aim of this in vitro study was to explore if different strains of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> penetrate and affect the biomechanical properties of human chorioamniotic membranes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three different strains of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> were obtained, one from an early\u2010onset neonatal infection, one from a case of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and one from a healthy pregnant carrier. Chorioamniotic membranes from elective cesarean deliveries were either incubated with <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> or mounted in a two\u2010chamber incubation cell generating a \u201cmaternal\u201d and a \u201cfetal\u201d chamber and incubated with <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> in the maternal chamber. Subsequently the membranes were examined to evaluate <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> attachment, penetration and the effect on the biomechanical properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 5\u00a0h after incubation, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> adhered to the chorioamniotic membranes with increased number at 20\u00a0h. <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic> did not penetrate the membranes even after 20\u00a0h of incubation. <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic> increased the ultimate tensile stress needed to rupture the membranes and increased the work needed to rupture the membranes as well as the elastic modulus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human chorioamniotic membranes constitute a physical barrier against <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> infections. Moreover, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>agalactiae<\/jats:italic> infection leads to increased strength of the membranes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T19:03:00Z","timestamp":1626202980000},"page":"1814-1821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<i>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/i> do not penetrate human chorioamniotic membranes in vitro but alter their biomechanical properties"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Nasteha A.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Technical Sciences Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus N Denmark"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus N Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mogens","family":"Hinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus N Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole H.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uffe B. 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