{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:12:10Z","timestamp":1782857530201,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009228","name":"Region \u00d6rebro l\u00e4n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OLL\u2010930507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL\u2010930507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009228","name":"Region \u00d6rebro l\u00e4n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OLL\u2010939402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OLL\u2010939402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SLS\u2010250351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS\u2010250351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few prospective studies have examined the effect of pregnancy and childbirth on stress and urgency urinary incontinence separately. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent to which pregnancy, vaginal delivery, and vaginal delivery characteristics affect the risk of significant stress and urgency incontinence 1\u00a0year after delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a prospective cohort study of 670 nulliparous women from early pregnancy to 1\u00a0year partum. The women were recruited at maternity health care service in Region \u00d6rebro County, Sweden, between October 1, 2014 and October 1, 2017 and completed questionnaires in early and late pregnancy and at 8\u00a0weeks and 1\u00a0year postpartum. Primary outcome measures were significant stress and urgency incontinence at 1\u00a0year postpartum in women who reported being continent before pregnancy. Generalized linear models were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stress and urgency incontinence commencing before pregnancy were reported by 4% and 3% of women, respectively, in the first questionnaire in early pregnancy, and these women were excluded from subsequent analysis. Stress and urgency incontinence were reported by 21% and 8%, respectively, at 1\u00a0year postpartum, in women not reporting incontinence before pregnancy. Stress incontinence during pregnancy increased the risk of stress incontinence postpartum (risk ratio [RR] 2.48, 95% CI 1.86\u20133.3). Urgency incontinence during pregnancy increased the risk of urgency incontinence postpartum (RR 4.07, 95% CI 2.1\u20137.89). Vaginal delivery increased the risk of stress incontinence postpartum (adjusted RR 2.63, 95% CI 1.39\u20135.01) but not of urgency incontinence. This effect of vaginal delivery on stress incontinence was similar irrespective of incontinence status during pregnancy. The population\u2010attributable fraction of stress incontinence associated with vaginal delivery was 0.58 (95% CI 0.23\u20130.77).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows essentially different risk factors for stress and urgency incontinence, supporting stress incontinence as being the subtype mostly associated with pregnancy and childbirth, and urgency incontinence as being more stable over time. At a population level, vaginal delivery was the major risk factor for stress incontinence, followed by reporting stress incontinence during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T12:42:42Z","timestamp":1635252162000},"page":"2193-2201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Stress and urgency urinary incontinence one year after a first birth\u2014prevalence and risk factors. A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1776-1338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus H.","family":"Jansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u00d6rebro University Hospital \u00d6rebro Sweden"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine \u00d6rebro University \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Franz\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u00d6rebro University Hospital \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunilla","family":"Tegerstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology CLINTEC Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Hiyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine \u00d6rebro University \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine \u00d6rebro University \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2003.04463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Incontinence","author":"Abrams 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