{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:24:56Z","timestamp":1788866696907,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004313","name":"General Electric","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004313","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this survey was to evaluate the current practice in respect of diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction among obstetricians in different countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An e\u2010questionnaire was sent via REDCap with \u201cclick thru\u201d links in emails and newsletters to obstetric practitioners in different countries and settings with different levels of expertise. Clinical scenarios in early and late fetal growth restriction were given, followed by structured questions\/response pairings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 275 participants replied to the survey with 87% of responses complete. Participants were obstetrician\/gynecologists (54%; 148\/275) and fetal medicine specialists (43%; 117\/275), and the majority practiced in a tertiary teaching hospital (56%; 153\/275). Delphi consensus criteria for fetal growth restriction diagnosis were used by 81% of participants (223\/275) and 82% (225\/274) included a drop in fetal growth velocity in their diagnostic criteria for late fetal growth restriction. For early fetal growth restriction, TRUFFLE criteria were used for fetal monitoring and delivery timing by 81% (223\/275). For late fetal growth restriction, indices of cerebral blood flow redistribution were used by 99% (250\/252), most commonly cerebroplacental ratio (54%, 134\/250). Delivery timing was informed by cerebral blood flow redistribution in 72% (176\/244), used from \u226532\u2009weeks of gestation. Maternal biomarkers and hemodynamics, as additional tools in the context of early\u2010onset fetal growth restriction (\u226432\u2009weeks of gestation), were used by 22% (51\/232) and 46% (106\/230), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction are fairly homogeneous among different countries and levels of practice, particularly for early fetal growth restriction. Indices of cerebral flow distribution are widely used in the diagnosis and management of late fetal growth restriction, whereas maternal biomarkers and hemodynamics are less frequently assessed but more so in early rather than late fetal growth restriction. Further standardization is needed for the definition of cerebral blood flow redistribution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T14:45:14Z","timestamp":1665413114000},"page":"1431-1439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Current practice in the diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction: An international survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4340-7225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Fantasia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Institute for Maternal and Child Health\u2014IRCCS \u201cBurlo Garofolo\u201d  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Zamagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit Institute for Maternal and Child Health\u2014IRCCS \"Burlo Garofolo\"  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2104-5561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, Obstetrics and Gynecology Queen Charlotte's &amp; Chelsea Hospital London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronacha","family":"Mylrea\u2010Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, Obstetrics and Gynecology Queen Charlotte's &amp; Chelsea Hospital London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7774-548X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Monasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit Institute for Maternal and Child Health\u2014IRCCS \"Burlo Garofolo\"  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, Obstetrics and Gynecology Queen Charlotte's &amp; Chelsea Hospital London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7793-714X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Prefumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9080-3848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Stampalija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Institute for Maternal and Child Health\u2014IRCCS \u201cBurlo Garofolo\u201d  Trieste Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences University of Trieste  Trieste Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23664"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13522"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.The Investigation and Management of the Small\u2010for\u2010Gestational\u2010Age Fetus. 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