{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:16:05Z","timestamp":1792642565284,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytology\u2010based triaging is commonly used to manage the care of women with positive human papillomavirus (HPV) results, but it suffers from subjectivity and a lack of sensitivity and reproducibility. The diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence\u2010enabled liquid\u2010based cytology (AI\u2010LBC) triage approach remains unclear. Here, we compared the clinical performance of AI\u2010LBC, human cytologists and HPV16\/18 genotyping at triaging HPV\u2010positive women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HPV\u2010positive women were triaged using AI\u2010LBC, human cytologists and HPV16\/18 genotyping. Histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2\/3 or higher (CIN2+\/CIN3+) were accepted as thresholds for clinical performance assessments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 3514 women included, 13.9% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009489) were HPV\u2010positive. The sensitivity of AI\u2010LBC was comparable to that of cytologists (86.49% vs 83.78%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.744) but substantially higher than HPV16\/18 typing at detecting CIN2+ (86.49% vs 54.05%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). While the specificity of AI\u2010LBC was significantly lower than HPV16\/18 typing (51.33% vs 87.17%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), it was significantly higher than cytologists at detecting CIN2+ (51.33% vs 40.93%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). AI\u2010LBC reduced referrals to colposcopy by approximately 10%, compared with cytologists (51.53% vs 60.94%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Similar patterns were also observed for CIN3+.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AI\u2010LBC has equivalent sensitivity and higher specificity compared with cytologists, with more efficient colposcopy referrals for HPV\u2010positive women. AI\u2010LBC could be particularly useful in regions where experienced cytologists are few in number. Further investigations are needed to determine triaging performance through prospective designs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T10:34:56Z","timestamp":1686825296000},"page":"1026-1033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Assessing artificial intelligence enabled liquid\u2010based cytology for triaging <scp>HPV<\/scp>\u2010positive women: a population\u2010based cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3002-8146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Department of Cancer Epidemiology National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai\u2010Miao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Zhejiang Cancer Hospital  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Ping","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Qing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Seery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research Lancaster University  Lancaster UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Lab, Tencent  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AI Lab, Tencent  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You\u2010Lin","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Department of Cancer Epidemiology National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30729-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.6575"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068776","article-title":"Extension of cervical screening intervals with primary human papillomavirus testing: observational study of English screening pilot data","volume":"377","author":"Rebolj 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