{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:39:23Z","timestamp":1791639563736,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression and anxiety are significant contributors to maternal perinatal morbidity and a range of negative child outcomes. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to review and assess the diagnostic test accuracy of selected screening tools (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS], EPDS\u20103A, Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ\u20109]\u2010, PHQ\u20102, Matthey Generic Mood Question [MGMQ], Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD\u20107], GAD\u20102, and the Whooley questions) used to identify women with antenatal depression or anxiety in Western countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>On January 16, 2023, we searched 10 databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, CRD Database, Embase, Epistemonikos, International HTA Database, KSR Evidence, Ovid MEDLINE, PROSPERO and PsycINFO); the references of included studies were also screened. We included studies of any design that compared case\u2010identification with a relevant screening tool to the outcome of a diagnostic interview based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth or fifth edition (DSM\u2010IV or DSM\u20105), or the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD\u201010). Diagnoses of interest were major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Two authors independently screened abstracts and full\u2010texts for relevance and evaluated the risk of bias using QUADAS\u20102. Data extraction was performed by one person and checked by another team member for accuracy. For synthesis, a bivariate model was used. The certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021236333.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We screened 8276 records for eligibility and included 16 original articles reporting on diagnostic test accuracy: 12 for the EPDS, one article each for the GAD\u20102, MGMQ, PHQ\u20109, PHQ\u20102, and Whooley questions, and no articles for the EPDS\u20103A or GAD\u20107. Most of the studies had moderate to high risk of bias. Ten of the EPDS articles provided data for synthesis at cutoffs \u226510 to \u226514 for diagnosing major depressive disorder. Cutoff \u226510 gave the optimal combined sensitivity (0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75\u20130.90) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.79\u20130.92).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings from the meta\u2010analysis suggest that the EPDS alone is not perfectly suitable for detection of major depressive disorder during pregnancy. Few studies have evaluated the other instruments, therefore, their usefulness for identification of women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy remains very uncertain. At present, case\u2010identification with any tool may best serve as a complement to a broader dialogue between healthcare professionals and their patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T13:24:53Z","timestamp":1701177893000},"page":"423-436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Identification of depression and anxiety during pregnancy: A\u00a0systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of test accuracy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5109-106X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabet","family":"Rondung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Social Work Mid Sweden University  \u00d6stersund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8222-7978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela","family":"Massoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Research and Development Region Kronoberg  Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6014-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katri","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Norrk\u00f6ping and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Link\u00f6ping University  Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Wickberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Peira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Silverstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU)  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klas","family":"Moberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU)  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Lundqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU)  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5ke","family":"Grundberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU)  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Hultcrantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61276-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.187179"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61277-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20769"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13m08646"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","article-title":"Screening for common mental disorders during pregnancy and for traumatic experiences after delivery","author":"Rondung E","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prospero"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18948"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-022-02022-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","volume-title":"Antenatal and Postnatal Mental Health: The NICE Guideline on Clinical Management and Service Guidance","author":"National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK)","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18392"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","volume-title":"Mental Health Care in the Perinatal Period: Australian Clinical Practice Guideline [Internet]","author":"Austin MP","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","volume-title":"Perinatal Mental Health Toolkit for Ontario Public Health Units [Internet]","author":"Healthy Human Development Table","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.01.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06525-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.933"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1997.00076.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","unstructured":"SBU.Identifiering av traumatiska f\u00f6rlossningsupplevelser [Internet]. Stockholm: Statens beredning f\u00f6r medicinsk och social utv\u00e4rdering (SBU); 2021. Report No.: SBU Bereder 332.https:\/\/www.sbu.se\/332"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","unstructured":"SBU.Identifiering av kvinnor med m\u00f6jliga depressions\u2010 och \u00e5ngestsyndrom under graviditet. [Internet]. Stockholm: Statens beredning f\u00f6r medicinsk och social utv\u00e4rdering (SBU); 2021. Report No.: SBU Bereder 331.https:\/\/www.sbu.se\/331"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3163\/1536-5050.104.3.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","unstructured":"PartlettC TakwoingiY.Meta\u2010analysis of test accuracy studies in R: a summary of user\u2010written programs and step\u2010by\u2010step guide to using glmer Version 1.0.2016http:\/\/methods.cochrane.org\/sdt\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","unstructured":"The Cochrane Collaboration.Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.4.2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GaynesBN GavinN Meltzer\u2010BrodyS et\u00a0al.Perinatal Depression: Prevalence Screening Accuracy and Screening Outcomes: Summary. AHRQ Evidence Report Summaries.2005. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US).https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK11838\/","DOI":"10.1037\/e439372005-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0579"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674211025687"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646839008403615"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-005-0077-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-005-0099-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01674820903230708"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2012.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2018.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2017.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023766"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-012-0295-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2010.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000183597.31630.db"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-017-0789-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"}],"container-title":["Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.14734","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T02:32:43Z","timestamp":1744425163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aogs.14734"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aogs.14734"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.14734","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6349","1600-0412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6349","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}