{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T22:08:51Z","timestamp":1783807731956,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004037","name":"Juho Vainion S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012682","name":"Oulun Yliopiston Tukis\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012682","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the occurrence of previous cancer diagnoses in women suffering from premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and compare it with the general population, shedding light on the association between cancer, cancer treatments, and POI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a nationwide case\u2013control study based on registry data from various sources, including the Social Insurance Institution, Finnish Population Information System, and Finnish Cancer Registry spanning from 1953 to 2018. Our participants comprised all women in Finland who, between 1988 and 2017, received hormone replacement therapy reimbursement for ovarian insufficiency before the age of 40\u2009years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095221). Controls, matched in terms of age and municipality of residence, were selected from the Finnish Population Information System (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920\u2009822). Our main exposure variable was a history of cancer diagnosis preceding the diagnosis of POI. We analyzed odds ratios (OR) to compare the prevalence of previous cancers in women with POI with that in controls, stratifying results based on cancer type, age at cancer diagnosis, and the time interval between cancer diagnosis and POI. We also assessed changes in OR for previous cancer diagnoses over the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of the women diagnosed with POI, 21.9% had previously been diagnosed with cancer, resulting in an elevated OR of 36.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.9 to 43.3) compared with 0.8% of the controls. The risk of developing POI was most pronounced during the first 2\u2009years following a cancer diagnosis, with an OR of 103 (95% CI 74.1 to 144). Importantly, this risk remained elevated even when the time interval between cancer and POI exceeded 10\u2009years, with an OR of 5.40 (95% CI 3.54 to 8.23).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study reveals that 21.9% of women with POI have a history of cancer, making the prevalence of cancer among these women 27.5 times higher than age\u2010matched controls in the Finnish population. The risk of developing POI is most substantial in the first 2\u2009years following a cancer diagnosis. These findings underscore the role of cancer treatments as an etiological factor for POI and emphasize the importance of recognizing the risk of POI in cancer survivors for early diagnosis and intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T08:44:38Z","timestamp":1706345078000},"page":"842-849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Previous cancers in women diagnosed with premature ovarian insufficiency: A nationwide population\u2010based case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6820-5705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi","family":"Silv\u00e9n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia  Oulu 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Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Niinim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Pukkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Finnish Cancer Registry Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Knowledge Brokers THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Academic Primary Health Care Center, Region Stockholm  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eila","family":"Suvanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-0472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maarit","family":"Niinim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 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