{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:03:02Z","timestamp":1765382582544,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007948","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst Kairo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant 91664677 (to N.H.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 91664677 (to N.H.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007948","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adenomyosis is a special subtype of endometriosis, affecting the myometrium, affecting about 20% of women in the reproductive age period. Clinical symptoms and intensity are diverse and can vary from heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea to infertility and repeated pregnancy losses. Thus, patients often present with a long history of illness pending presumptive clinical or surgical diagnosis. A definitive diagnosis of adenomyosis is made upon histopathological examination verifying ectopic endometrial tissue (endometrial glands and\/or stroma) within the myometrium, surrounded by hyperplastic and hypertrophic smooth muscles. However, nowadays ultrasonographic and\/or MRI signs can precisely detect it as well. The precise etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. One theory assumes that adenomyosis occurs through metaplastic transformation or migration of stem cell\u2010like cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study examined the immunohistochemical expression of the transmembrane proteoglycan Syndecan\u20101 (CD 138), a multifunctional matrix receptor and signaling co\u2010receptor, in the endometrium of 35 patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921 with adenomyosis and <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914 as a control group) in the period 2016\u20132017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a pilot study, we concluded that Syndecan\u20101 is downregulated in adenomyosis patients compared to the control group, supporting its potential role in the development of adenomyosis. Our study did not find a correlation between the immune\u2010expression of Syndecan\u20101 and the menstrual cycle phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>For clinical significance in relation to our results, the investigated data showed that the downregulation of Syndecan\u20101 in adenomyotic patients in our study may suggest a role in promoting the invasiveness of endometriotic islands within the myometrium. However, further studies are still needed to understand the mechanistic contribution of Syndecan\u20101 to the pathogenesis of adenomyosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.15012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T05:10:02Z","timestamp":1732165802000},"page":"77-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decreased expression of Syndecan\u2010 1 (<scp>CD138<\/scp>) in the endometrium of adenomyosis patients suggests a potential pathogenetic role"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2576-2269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walid","family":"Shaalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Heidelberg University Hospital  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6648-9281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Gamal","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Team Kinderwunsch Oldenburg GbR MVZ  Oldenburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariana","family":"Plasger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3189-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nourhan","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science Cairo University  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7247-9247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludwig","family":"Kiesel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8276-1484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas N.","family":"Sch\u00fcring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics M\u00fcnster University Hospital  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Fertility Centre KITZ Regensburg  Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2360-2496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"G\u00f6tte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics 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