{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:08:20Z","timestamp":1791616100001,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006095","name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["270926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["270926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012446","name":"Akershus Universitetssykehus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childbirth\u2010related injuries of the pelvic floor may impact women's sexual health with symptoms such as dyspareunia. A better understanding of dyspareunia based on tissue trauma severity in second\u2010degree tears is needed. The primary aim of this study was to assess differences in dyspareunia according to the severity of perineal tears, with a focus on subcategories of second\u2010degree tears at three and twelve months postpartum. The secondary aim was to assess the time to resumption of intercourse after birth according to the severity of second\u2010degree tears.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This single\u2010center observational cohort study was conducted between January 2021 and July 2022. Women meeting the inclusion criteria were included during pregnancy. After birth, all perineal tears were classified according to RCOG recommendation, and second\u2010degree tears were further subcategorized based on the percentage of damage to the perineum (2A, 2B, 2C). Dyspareunia and time to resumption of intercourse were collected through an electronic questionnaire at three and twelve months postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study included 857 women; of them, 51.6% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009442) were primipara and 48.4% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009415) were multipara. The percentages of women reporting dyspareunia according to the degree of the tear at three months postpartum were as follows: no tear\/first\u2010degree tear 60%, 2A\u2010tear 60%, 2B\u2010tear 52%, 2C\u2010tear 77%, and episiotomy 77%; and at twelve months postpartum: no tear\/first\u2010degree tear 52%, 2A\u2010tear 50%, 2B\u2010tear 40%, 2C\u2010tear 69%, and episiotomy 64%. When comparing dyspareunia between the no tear\/first\u2010degree tear category and the second\u2010degree subcategories, no statistically significant differences were found. Women in all second\u2010degree subcategories resumed intercourse approximately 4.8\u2009months postpartum, compared to 3.8\u2009months postpartum for those with no tear or first\u2010degree tear (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no statistically significant association between the severity of second\u2010degree tears and dyspareunia. The proportion of women reporting dyspareunia is noticeable for all perineal tear categories, with the highest rate among women with the most severe second\u2010degree perineal tear. Women in all second\u2010degree subcategories resumed intercourse approximately one month later than those with no tear or first\u2010degree tear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.15084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T20:53:11Z","timestamp":1741726391000},"page":"968-975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The severity of second\u2010degree perineal tears and dyspareunia during one year postpartum: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1501-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanette","family":"Risl\u00f8kken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital  L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Division Akershus University Hospital University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0983-8603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marthe Dalevoll","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital  L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Division Akershus University Hospital University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"B\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital  L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sport Science  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9118-6389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Ellstr\u00f6m Engh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital  L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Division Akershus University Hospital University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Siafarikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akershus University Hospital  L\u00f8renskog Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Division Akershus University Hospital University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13263"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23508"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2022.2110461"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2021.1916802"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13468"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists NICE.The management of third\u2010 and fourth\u2010 degree perineal tears green\u2010top guideline no. 29.2015. gtg\u201029.pdf. 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