{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:07:22Z","timestamp":1761898042431,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vulvovaginal cancer in pregnancy is rare. Limited data complicate decision\u2010making and patient counseling. Our review, coupled with new case data, fills a current gap in the literature and provides practical insights.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oncological and obstetric data of these pregnancies were examined by a case collection from the International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP) registry (vulvar\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910, vaginal\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095) and a literature review (vulvar\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200946, vaginal\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200937).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although preoperative imaging of inguinofemoral lymph nodes is feasible, only 16.1% of vulvar cancer patients underwent ultrasound or MRI. Treatment was initiated during pregnancy for 69.1% of vulvar cancer and 28.4% of vaginal cancer patients. Surgical lymph node staging of vulvar cancer was postponed until after delivery in 10 cases, although uni\u2010 or bilateral lymphadenectomy during pregnancy was not associated with more complications. Delivery outcomes included a live birth rate of 96.4% for vulvar cancer and 50% for vaginal cancer due to the high rate of pregnancy terminations, with most births preterm. The overall 5\u2010year survival rates for vulvar (81.3%) and vaginal (66.4%) cancer during pregnancy are comparable to nonpregnant populations, indicating that pregnancy does not adversely impact maternal prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the feasibility of adapting standard oncological care for pregnant patients, emphasizing multidisciplinary teams to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T10:47:16Z","timestamp":1757501236000},"page":"2187-2199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vulvar and vaginal cancer during pregnancy: A pooled analysis of 15 cases from the International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8508-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte L.","family":"LeJeune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UZ Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gajane","family":"Santrosyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Kralovske, Vinohrady and 3rd Medical Faculty Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5014-2087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna S.","family":"Koning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecologic Oncology Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9386-649X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjon A.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8693-7299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christianne A. R.","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology Centre of Gynecological Oncology  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8209-487X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelleke","family":"Ottevanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Radboud University Medical Centre  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elyce","family":"Cardonick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Cooper University Health Care  Camden New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5688-2194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Fruscio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UO Gynecology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori  Monza Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milan\u2010Bicocca  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2206-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman G.","family":"Shmakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Research Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. 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