{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T03:09:13Z","timestamp":1769224153359,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Following the COVID\u201019 pandemic, Northwestern Europe has experienced a marked increase in congenital parvovirus infections. This rise is attributed to social distancing measures which disrupted the usual seasonal variation of parvovirus B19. Fetal infection may cause severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hydrops fetalis, with significant risk of intrauterine death. Therefore, when acute parvovirus B19 infection is confirmed by maternal serology, serial ultrasound surveillance of the middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity is recommended. Intrauterine transfusion remains the only established therapeutic option for cases of suspected fetal anemia or hydrops but carries risks of fetal loss and procedural\u2010related complications including fetal hemorrhage and exsanguination. This review critically examines current literature on diagnosis, management, perinatal outcomes, and long\u2010term neurodevelopmental sequelae following congenital parvovirus infection and intrauterine transfusion. Additionally, we report our tertiary fetal medicine center's experience during the 2024 epidemic, highlighting a novel conservative management approach for fetuses with parvovirus\u2010related anemia and hydrops fetalis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.70055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T03:36:15Z","timestamp":1759289775000},"page":"2028-2037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Parvovirus: Conservative management of fetal anemia and\u00a0hydrops"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7407-4493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyndsay","family":"Creswell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pranav","family":"Pandya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5207-5560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Stott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Peebles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Attilakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Nastouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Virology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haley","family":"Alchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Virology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly Pegoretti","family":"Baruteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Napolitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Institute for Women's Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.21991"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.940"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","volume-title":"Risks posed by reported increased circulation of human parvovirus B19 in the EU\/EEA \u2013 5 June 2024","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59582-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030480"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2024.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29197"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00373-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","volume-title":"Increasing levels of parvovirus B19 activity in England","author":"UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024-001-0269-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880600731X"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","volume-title":"Rash in pregnancy: quick reference for health professionals","author":"UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA)","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5819"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02613-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(99)00051-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19092"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92346-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1999.13030161.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-10-739656"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06712-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(99)00055-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000489881"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(84)90683-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2024.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2002.02118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000249611.67873.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050701580960"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000180119"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2016.1228103"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000530993"}],"container-title":["Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aogs.70055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:03:18Z","timestamp":1761894198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aogs.70055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aogs.70055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aogs.70055","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6349","1600-0412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6349","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}