{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:11:47Z","timestamp":1779354707236,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19\/096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19\/096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proposed revised diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes (GDM) in New Zealand include a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration \u22655.3\u2009mmol\/L and 1\u2010h post\u2010load glucose (PLG) concentration \u226510.6\u2009mmol\/L on a 75\u2009g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), but no 2\u2010h PLG. This study evaluates the impact of GDM diagnosis based on FPG and\/or 1\u2010h PLG abnormalities on perinatal and long\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary analysis of data from GEMS, a multicentre, randomized trial and its follow\u2010up, included women and their children who met the proposed revised GDM criteria and received treatment. Participants were classified into three groups: (1) both group: elevated FPG and 1\u2010h PLG, (2) fasting group: elevated FPG alone, and (3) one\u2010hour group: elevated 1\u2010h PLG alone. Between\u2010group pairwise comparisons were made using log\u2010binomial and normal\u2010identity regressions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 217 eligible women\u2010child pairs, 85 (39.2%) were in the fasting group, 61 (28.1%) in the both group, and 71 (32.7%) in the one\u2010hour group. Women in the fasting and both groups, compared with the one\u2010hour group, were more likely to be overweight or obese both at the first antenatal visit and five\u2010year follow\u2010up, more likely to have required pharmacotherapy for GDM (85.9% and 88.5% vs. 69.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and had higher rates of type 2 diabetes\/prediabetes at 5\u2009years (50.0% and 48.8% vs. 28.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Their infants were born earlier (38.1 and 38.0 vs. 38.6\u2009weeks;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) with higher birthweight z\u2010scores (0.2 and 0.1 vs. \u22120.2;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Infants in the fasting group, compared with infants in the one\u2010hour group, had higher rates of being large\u2010for\u2010gestational age and neonatal intensive care unit admission. At 5\u2009years, children in the fasting group, compared with those in the one\u2010hour group, had higher mean z\u2010scores in weight and height, and were more likely to have an abnormal developmental screening questionnaire score (24.4% vs. 5.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women diagnosed with GDM based on an elevated FPG, compared with those with only an elevated 1\u2010h PLG, may have had increased diabetes risks at five\u2010year follow\u2010up, while their children may have greater infant health risks and greater growth at 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.70191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T08:24:18Z","timestamp":1775809458000},"page":"1075-1087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perinatal and long\u2010term implications of diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus using only fasting and one\u2010hour post\u2010load glucose concentrations: Secondary analysis of the\n                    <scp>GEMS<\/scp>\n                    trial and its five\u2010year follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9885-208X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiliang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liggins Institute University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"Te Whatu Ora Te Toka Tumai Auckland  Auckland New 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