{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:44:46Z","timestamp":1790217886649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent research shows that 40.6% of women in the United Kingdom experience childbirth as at least moderately traumatic, and 5.9% develop childbirth\u2010related posttraumatic stress disorder (CB\u2010PTSD). However, risk factors for birth trauma ratings and CB\u2010posttraumatic stress symptoms (CB\u2010PTSS) in this sample remain unexplored. Therefore, the aim was to understand risk factors for birth trauma and CB\u2010PTSS in a UK sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional survey of traumatic birth and CB\u2010PTSD with women (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009339) from three hospitals in England, two in Wales, and three in Scotland. Participants completed the survey at 6\u201312\u2009weeks postpartum. It included questions about (i) demographics and mental health; (ii) pregnancy; (iii) labor and birth; and (iv) the infant. Outcome variables were birth trauma rating and CB\u2010PTSS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher birth trauma ratings were predicted by women not having other children, maternal complications during birth, lower birth satisfaction, and a mother not having skin\u2010to\u2010skin contact with her baby after birth. Higher CB\u2010PTSS were predicted by younger maternal age, women not having other children, current mental health difficulties, previous trauma, giving birth in Scotland, emergency cesarean section, and lower birth satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, this paper found that traumatic birth and CB\u2010PTSS symptoms are associated with a range of demographic, mental health, birth\u2010related, and infant\u2010related variables. Results from this study can be used to improve maternity care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.70236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:21:24Z","timestamp":1777886484000},"page":"1163-1172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk factors for birth trauma and postpartum posttraumatic stress in the\n                    <scp>United Kingdom<\/scp>\n                    : Results from the international survey of childbirth\u2010related trauma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Webb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research City, St George's, University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazihah","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences Education Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Constantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research City, St George's, University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Ayers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research City, St George's, University of London  London 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