{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:30:57Z","timestamp":1792103457488,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection is a clinically relevant adverse event in patients with ventricular assist device (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAD<\/jats:styled-content>) support. The risk of infection could be linked to a reduced immune response resulting from damage to leukocytes during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAD<\/jats:styled-content> support. The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of leukocyte responses during the in vitro testing of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAD<\/jats:styled-content>s by analyzing the changes to their morphology and biochemistry. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>entr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ssist implantable rotary blood pump (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRBP<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>ota<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>low centrifugal pump (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>) were tested in vitro under constant hemodynamic conditions. Automated hematology analysis of samples collected regularly over 25\u2010h tests was undertaken. A new flow cytometric assay was employed to measure biochemical alteration, necrosis (7\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AAD<\/jats:styled-content>) and morphological alteration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD45<\/jats:styled-content> expression) of the circulating leukocytes during the pumping process. The results of hematology analysis show the total leukocyte number and subset counts decreased over the period of in vitro tests dependent on different blood pumps. The percentage of leukocytes damaged during 6\u2010h tests was 40.8\u2009\u00b1\u20095.7% for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>entr<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ssist <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRBP<\/jats:styled-content>, 17.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.4% for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>ota<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>, and 2.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8% for the static control (all <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095). Flow cytometric monitoring of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD45<\/jats:styled-content> expression and forward\/side scatter characteristics revealed leukocytes that were fragmented into smaller pieces (microparticles). Scanning electron microscopy and imaging flow cytometry were used to confirm this. Device developers could use these robust cellular assays to gain a better understanding of leukocyte\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VAD<\/jats:styled-content> performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T02:01:58Z","timestamp":1377568918000},"page":"793-801","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The Evaluation of Leukocytes in Response to the In Vitro Testing of Ventricular Assist Devices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Chris H.H.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Science College of Medicine Swansea University  Swansea UK"},{"name":"Calon Cardio\u2010Technology Ltd  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calon Cardio\u2010Technology Ltd  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calon Cardio\u2010Technology Ltd  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl M.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Science College of Medicine Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nafiseh","family":"Badiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Science College of Medicine Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Science College of Medicine Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1594.2002.07122.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.877597"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"3038","article-title":"Bleeding and thrombosis in patients with continuous\u2010flow ventricular assist devices","volume":"125","author":"Eckman PM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ J Am Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00479-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2007.00351.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000017140.26466.F5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.110463197"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2010.232603"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"ASTM. F1830\u201097:Standard Practice for Selection of Blood for In Vitro Evaluation of Blood Pumps 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"ASTM. F1830\u201097:Standard Practice for Assessment of Haemolysis in Continuous Flow Blood Pumps 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2012.01515.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)77113-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2007.00381.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-429068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03549-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2012.01514.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1594.1998.06098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1594.2003.07188.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1594.2003.07103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000249639.36915.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005743107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04425.x"}],"container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Faor.12161","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aor.12161","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T02:35:27Z","timestamp":1696473327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aor.12161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aor.12161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aor.12161","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-564X","1525-1594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-564X","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]}}}