{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T09:41:35Z","timestamp":1786268495912,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a healthy human cardiac system, a large asymmetric clockwise vortex present in the left ventricle (LV) efficiently diverts the filling jet from the mitral annulus to the left ventricular outflow track. However, prior clinical studies have shown that artificial mitral valve replacement can affect the formation of physiological vortex, resulting in overall flow instability in the LV. Lately, the findings from several recent hemodynamic studies seem to suggest that the native D\u2010shaped mitral annulus might be a crucial factor in the development of this physiological flow pattern, with its inherent flow stability and formation of coherent structures within the LV. This study aims to investigate the effect of orifice shape and its position with respect to the posterior wall of the ventricle on vortical formation and turbulence intensity in the LV, by utilizing four separate orifice configurations within an in vitro left heart simulator. Stereo particle image velocimetry experiments were then carried out to characterize the downstream flow field of each configuration. Our findings demonstrate that the generation of the physiological left ventricular vortical flow was not solely dependent upon the orifice shape but rather the subsequent jet\u2010wall interaction. The distance of the orifice geometric center from the left ventricular posterior wall plays a significant role in this jet\u2010wall interaction, and thus, vortical flow dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.13781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T17:25:52Z","timestamp":1595438752000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An in vitro investigation into the hemodynamic effects of orifice geometry and position on left ventricular vortex formation and turbulence intensity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Sean Guo\u2010Dong","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jimmy Kim Fatt","family":"Hon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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