{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T13:45:06Z","timestamp":1777124706418,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]],"date-time":"2021-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pump thrombosis induces significant complications and requires timely detection. We proposed real\u2010time monitoring of pump thrombus in a magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump (mag\u2010lev pump) without using additional sensors, by focusing on the changes in the displacement of the pump impeller. The phase difference between the current and displacement of the impeller increases with pump thrombus. This thrombus detection method was previously evaluated through simulated circuit experiments using porcine blood. Evaluation of real\u2010time thrombus detection in a mag\u2010lev blood pump was performed using a porcine left ventricular assist circulation model in this study. Acute animal experiments were performed five times using five Japanese domestic pigs. To create thrombogenic conditions, fibrinogen coating that induces thrombus formation in a short time was applied to the inner surfaces of the pump. An inflow and an outflow cannula were inserted into the apex of the left ventricle and the carotid artery, respectively, by a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allowed minimal bleeding and hypothermia. Pump flow was maintained at 1\u00a0L\/min without anticoagulation. The vibrational frequency of the impeller (70\u00a0Hz) and its vibrational amplitude (30\u00a0\u03bcm) were kept constant. The thrombus was detected based on the fact that the phase difference between the impeller displacement and input current to the magnetic bearing increases when a thrombus is formed inside a pump. The experiment was terminated when the phase difference increased by over 1\u00b0 from the lowest value or when the phase difference was at the lowest value 12\u00a0hours after commencing measurements. The phase difference increased by over 1\u00b0 in three cases. The pump was stopped after 12\u00a0hours in two cases. Pump thrombi were found in the pump in three cases in which the phase difference increased by over 1\u00b0. No pump thrombus was found in the other two cases in which the phase difference did not increase. We succeeded in real\u2010time thrombus monitoring of a mag\u2010lev pump in acute animal experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.13915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T07:22:34Z","timestamp":1610695354000},"page":"726-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of real\u2010time thrombus detection method in a magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump using a porcine left ventricular assist circulation model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Haruna","family":"Seki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo 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