{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:50:50Z","timestamp":1773053450134,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune cell dysfunction is a central part of immune paralysis in sepsis. Granulocyte concentrate (GC) transfusions can induce tissue damage via local effects of neutrophils. The hypothesis of an extracorporeal plasma treatment with granulocytes is to show beneficial effects with fewer side effects. Clinical trials with standard GC have supported this approach. This ex vivo study investigated the functional properties of purified granulocyte preparations during the extracorporeal plasma treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Purified GC were stored for up to 3\u2009days and compared with standard GC in an immune cell perfusion therapy model. The therapy consists of a plasma separation device and an extracorporeal circuit. Plasma is perfused through the tubing system with donor immune cells of the GC, and only the treated plasma is filtered for re\u2010transfusion. The donor immune cells are retained in the extracorporeal system and discarded after treatment. Efficacy of granulocytes regarding phagocytosis,\u00a0oxidative\u00a0burst as well as cell viability and metabolic parameters were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In pGC, the metabolic surrogate parameters of cell functionality showed comparable courses even after a storage period of 72\u00a0h. In particular, glucose and oxygen consumption were lower after extended storage. The course of\u00a0lactate dehydrogenase concentration yields no indication of cell impairment in the extracorporeal circulation. The cells were viable throughout the entire study period and exhibited preserved phagocytosis and oxidative\u00a0burst functionality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The granulocytes demonstrated full functionality in the 6\u2009h extracorporeal circuits after 3\u2009days storage and in septic shock plasma. This is demonstrating the functionality of the system and encourages further clinical studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.14507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T03:08:23Z","timestamp":1675652903000},"page":"1151-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Extracorporeal therapy of sepsis by purified granulocyte concentrates: ex vivo circulation model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8922-8700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerd","family":"Klinkmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy University of Rostock  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Heskamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Doss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Doss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"},{"name":"Department of Extracorporeal Immunomodulation Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Milej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea\u2010Marie","family":"Thiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical Faculty University of Rostock  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Goudeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Blasczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Reuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy University of Rostock  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Altrichter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTCLINE GmbH  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Mitzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Extracorporeal Immunomodulation Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology  Rostock Germany"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical Faculty University of Rostock  Rostock Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"775","article-title":"Long\u2010term survival following sepsis","volume":"117","author":"Schmidt K","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000511"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.shk.0000143410.63698.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI82224"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200205000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000048629.32625.5D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-0968.2001.00378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318194aa77"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2009.00764.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7056492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"AABB.Circular of Information for the Use of Blood and Blood Components. 2017 46. 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