{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:55:14Z","timestamp":1782996914570,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748649600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acquired muscle weakness is a prevalent complication during hospitalization. Supportive technologies, such as functional electrical stimulation cycling (FES\u2010cycling), are increasingly recognized as a tool with the potential to improve physical exercise in patients constrained to bed rest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomized clinical trial, patients admitted to a high\u2010complexity ward exhibiting clinical signs of muscle weakness (e.g., report of loss of strength, gait, or balance deficit due to weakness or restriction to bed) were enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated to a recumbent high\u2010intensity, low\u2010volume FES\u2010cycling exercise or a control group. The primary outcomes measured were torque, power output, stimulation cost (neuromuscular efficiency), and ambulation capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The analysis included 16 patients (eight in each group). Postintervention, the FES\u2010cycling group presented a greater increase in both absolute (4.25\u2009\u00b1\u20093.15 vs. 0.04\u2009\u00b1\u20093.49\u2009Nm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and percentage torque (117\u2009\u00b1\u200988 vs. 8%\u2009\u00b1\u200953%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) compared to the control. Similarly, the FES\u2010cycling group presented higher absolute (3.91\u2009\u00b1\u20092.25 vs. 0.57\u2009\u00b1\u20091.82\u2009watts,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and percentage power (61\u2009\u00b1\u200936 vs. 10%\u2009\u00b1\u200923%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), along with a higher absolute (\u22122903\u2009\u00b1\u20092598 vs. \u2212523\u2009\u00b1\u20091319\u2009\u03bcC\/watt,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) and percentage stimulation cost (\u221233\u2009\u00b1\u200918 vs. \u22126%\u2009\u00b1\u20091 8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). Additionally, enhanced ambulation capacity was observed in the FES\u2010cycling group, with 6 patients showing improvement versus 2 in the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recumbent high\u2010intensity, low\u2010volume FES\u2010cycling exercise increased muscle strength, power, and neuromuscular efficiency in hospitalized patients with muscle weakness. Improvements in ambulation capacity were also noted, supporting the intervention potential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.15029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T03:16:04Z","timestamp":1748661364000},"page":"1756-1764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Recumbent\n                    <scp>FES<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Cycling Exercise Improves Muscle Performance and Ambulation Capacity in Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7611-9241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murillo","family":"Fraz\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro Wanderley University Hospital \u2013 UFPB\/EBSERH  Jo\u00e3o Pessoa PB Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies University of Bras\u00edlia \u2013 UnB  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio de Lima","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauro Wanderley University Hospital \u2013 UFPB\/EBSERH  Jo\u00e3o Pessoa PB Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Gerson","family":"Cipriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies University of Bras\u00edlia \u2013 UnB  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05944-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e32834da629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-014-3045-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2019.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-213220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1254760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2023.9418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2021.2002020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-215093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-215755"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.14734"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2013-0187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.06.764"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2022.100075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.14677"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31820f960f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.24.17912-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04788-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0264-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11226681"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-130941","article-title":"Differences in Current Amplitude Evoking Leg Extension in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"33","author":"Gorgey A. S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1298\/ptr.E10030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00003677-199600240-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800420934873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2021.101516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2023.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002059"}],"container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aor.15029","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aor.15029","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aor.15029","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T07:28:06Z","timestamp":1770967686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aor.15029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aor.15029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aor.15029","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0160-564X","1525-1594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0160-564X","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}