{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T16:51:00Z","timestamp":1773766260453,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007477","name":"Tekke Huizinga Fonds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STHF\/AD 24.004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STHF\/AD 24.004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007477","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) of donor kidneys provides an opportunity not only for organ preservation but also for therapeutic intervention to reduce ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury (IRI) and support tissue repair. Sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic known to protect against IRI in other organ systems, has not previously been explored in the context of kidney NMP. This study aimed to establish a stable and reproducible porcine kidney NMP model incorporating sevoflurane delivery. Different administration techniques and oxygenator setups were evaluated to identify the most effective method of sevoflurane application. Administering sevoflurane directly as a liquid into the perfusate resulted in excessive gas formation and unstable drug concentrations. In contrast, using a vaporizer connected to an Inspire 8F M oxygenator allowed for stable and reproducible sevoflurane levels over a 90\u2010min perfusion period, while maintaining sufficient oxygenation. This method proved to be a reliable approach for sevoflurane delivery in kidney NMP. However, oxygenators exposed to sevoflurane should not be reused due to the risk of membrane damage. These findings support the feasibility of using sevoflurane in kidney NMP and provide a platform for further investigation into its potential to improve renal graft outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:50:43Z","timestamp":1760406643000},"page":"189-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimizing Donor Kidneys During Normothermic Machine Perfusion With Sevoflurane: Design of a Research Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5697-0819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip N.","family":"G\u00fcnkel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0617-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rozemarijn S.","family":"Tuinhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastiaan J.","family":"Luttik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland F.","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardio\u2010Thoracic Surgery University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra J.","family":"Ottens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University Hospital Clermont\u2010Ferrand, University Clermont Auvergne  Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Jabaudon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Medicine University Hospital (CHU) Clermont\u2010Ferrand  Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"},{"name":"Institute of Genetics, Reproduction and Development (iGReD) Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CNRS  Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel M. R. F.","family":"Struys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Basic and Applied Medical Science Ghent University  Gent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henri G. D.","family":"Leuvenink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gertrude J.","family":"Nieuwenhuijs\u2010Moeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2020.100585"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9206257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010253"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003236","article-title":"Volatile Anesthetics Versus Propofol for Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Meta\u2010Analysis of Randomized Trials","volume":"132","author":"Bonanni A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.10.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052727"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200412000-00011","article-title":"Differential Protective Effects of Volatile Anesthetics Against Renal Ischemia\u2010Reperfusion Injury In\u00a0Vivo","volume":"101","author":"Lee H. 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