{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:03:29Z","timestamp":1780553009979,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1G1A1094894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1G1A1094894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015R1A6A1A03032522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1A6A1A03032522"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002560","name":"Soonchunhyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical translation of small\u2010diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) is still limited due to severe complications, including thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, and arteriosclerosis, commonly associated with synthetic polymer\u2010based grafts. To address these challenges, combining synthetic polymers with naturally derived extracellular matrices (ECMs) offers a promising strategy to enhance biofunctionality and remodeling potential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study developed a composite vascular graft by electrospinning a polycaprolactone (PCL) fibrous outer layer onto decellularized porcine femoral aorta extracellular matrix (PECM), generating a hybrid PCL\u2010PECM graft. Decellularization was validated using H&amp;E staining and DNA quantification, ensuring effective cellular removal without compromising protein content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the interface between PCL and PECM. Mechanical properties were assessed via tensile testing. Hemocompatibility was evaluated by hemolysis testing and blood clotting index (%BCI). In\u00a0vitro biocompatibility was assessed using cell culture assays, and in\u00a0vivo remodeling was evaluated through subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, followed by histological analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>H&amp;E staining and DNA analysis confirmed complete decellularization. SEM images revealed no delamination between layers, and the PCL layer significantly enhanced the mechanical strength of the graft. Hemolysis ratio remained below 5%, and %BCI exceeded 80%, indicating excellent hemocompatibility. In\u00a0vitro studies confirmed cytocompatibility, while histological staining of explanted grafts showed robust cell infiltration and ECM remodeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PCL\u2010PECM vascular graft demonstrates excellent structural integrity, mechanical performance, hemocompatibility, and remodeling potential, indicating its promise as a next\u2010generation SDVG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.70106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T05:47:37Z","timestamp":1773380857000},"page":"813-824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Decellularized Porcine Femoral Aorta Reinforced With Electrospun Coarse Polycaprolactone Fibers for Vascular Graft Application"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Hyun\u2010Yong","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Abdullah Al","family":"Fahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myeongki","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoe\u2010Jin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusrat","family":"Jahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prayas Chakma","family":"Shanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital  Cheonan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byong\u2010Taek","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital  Cheonan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Ho","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital  Cheonan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University  Cheonan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10016-005-6621-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(92)90632-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.14707"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46431-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SM01236K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2023.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.15037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19072101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2010.0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.2000.00155.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36631"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.138705"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.14512"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-020-00482-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.795732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2010.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.03.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2024.122507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.111488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.139123"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2024.122508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14050265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168399"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1877382601306010001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(87)90246-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.10.2308"}],"container-title":["Artificial 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