{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T16:34:25Z","timestamp":1778949265022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]],"date-time":"2015-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine long\u2010term outcome of intraocular antagonism of vascular endothelial growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>) in macular oedema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRVO<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 28 consecutive patients were treated with either intravitreal bevacizumab (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVB<\/jats:styled-content>) or intravitreal ranibizumab (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVR<\/jats:styled-content>) in the first series and were evaluated after a mean follow\u2010up of 5\u00a0years for their functional and anatomical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time between onset of macular oedema and initial treatment was 5.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\/0.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVB<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVR<\/jats:styled-content>) months. A mean of 4 intravitreal injections were given per patients in the first 6 months. In months 7\u201312 intravitreal injections decreased to 2 and further decreased in the second year (months 13\u201318: 1.14; months 19\u201324: 0.5) and third year (months 25\u201330: 0.4; months 31\u201336: 0.2). After the fourth year, only two of the 28 patients received further treatment. Average visual acuity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content>) increased by 16 letters after 1\u00a0year (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) and although not statistically significantly, by a mean of 5 letters (p\u00a0=\u00a00.3) at long\u2010term evaluation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010group). However, after mean of 5\u00a0years, central retinal sensitivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content>) improved by 3.6 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dB<\/jats:styled-content> (p\u00a0=\u00a00.01) and central retinal thickness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRT<\/jats:styled-content>) decreased by 161\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m (p\u00a0=\u00a00.02). In the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010group, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRS<\/jats:styled-content> increased significantly (31 letters and respectively 4.4\u00a0dB, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRT<\/jats:styled-content> decreased by 229\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) after long\u2010term follow\u2010up. Final functional results were significantly better in patients with treatment initiation &lt;3\u00a0months (79 versus 55 letters, p\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Microvascular abnormalities were detected in 88% (21 of 24 patients), hyperfluorescence in 42% (10 of 24 patients) on wide\u2010field fluorescein angiography in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inhibition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> provides substantial long\u2010term benefits for patients with ME secondary to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRVO<\/jats:styled-content>. Early treatment with anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content> agents and extended therapeutic surveillance was associated with improved visual recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]],"date-time":"2015-06-24T12:12:31Z","timestamp":1435147951000},"page":"719-725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Anti\u2010<scp>VEGF<\/scp> treatment in branch retinal vein occlusion: a real\u2010world experience over 4\u00a0years"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Rezar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Eibenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Medical 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