{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T17:46:33Z","timestamp":1777139193823,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we investigated the associations between conjunctival (co) and intraocular (io) swabs and their implications for the contamination rates of organ\u2010cultured corneas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 4177 swabs from 1054 corneas of 527 donors were acquired from the conjunctiva, after disinfection with 5% polyvinylpyrrolidone\u2013iodine solution, and also from the anterior chamber after corneoscleral trepanation (io). Samples were incubated at 22.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.5\u00b0C and 32.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.5\u00b0C in thioglycollate broth for 14\u00a0days. Donor corneas were cultured in a closed system at 31\u00b0C. Microbial differentiation was performed for positive cultures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A higher temperature (32.5\u00b0C) and the intraocular swab retrieving localization led to significantly higher swab positive rates (32.5\u00b0C versus 22.5\u00b0C, odds 1.65, p<jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001; io versus co, odds 1,53, p<jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001). Death\u2010to\u2010collection time and laterality (left or right eye) had no significant influence on swab positivity. The cause of death significantly influenced the positive rates (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Detection at 32.5\u00b0C occurred significantly earlier than at 22.5\u00b0C (p<jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001). The overall comparison of detected species showed no significant differences in the variety between intraocular and conjunctival swabs. During the study period, six contaminations of organ\u2010cultured corneas occurred: four times <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> and once each <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic> were found. Swap results and cornea contaminations were not significantly correlated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Co and io swabs show high microbial colonization rates, even after standard disinfection. Io swabs generally reproduce the co microbial range, most likely due to a mobilization and diversion of microorganisms during the trepanation procedure. Swab results do not yield a valuable tool to predict contaminations of organ\u2010cultured corneas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T07:43:06Z","timestamp":1436168586000},"page":"70-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Conjunctival and intraocular swabs for the microbiological assessment of donor corneas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Fuest","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Plum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Salla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hermel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)96000-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","article-title":"Richtlinien zur Gewinnung von Spenderhornh\u00e4uten und zum F\u00fchren einer Augenhornbank","volume":"111","author":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer AAdwBd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-009-1192-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.1.144-172.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","unstructured":"LiS BischoffM SchirraF LangenbucherA OngM HalfmannA HerrmannM&SeitzB(2013): [Correlation between microbial growth in conjunctival swabs of corneal donors and contamination of organ culture media.]. 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