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Corneal refraction, anterior chamber depth and axial length were measured with a Zeiss <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOL<\/jats:styled-content> Master. Participants with eyes operated for cataract or glaucoma were excluded, but the grade of nuclear opacity was not recorded. The associations between the absolute values of Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>, Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> AST<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> SE<\/jats:styled-content>, corneal refractive power (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>), corneal astigmatism (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAST<\/jats:styled-content>), anterior chamber depth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACD<\/jats:styled-content>) and axial length (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content>) and with their interocular differences were calculated. When calculating the interdependencies of the differences, the real and absolute differences between the right and left eye were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Means\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0standard deviations for Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>, Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> were 0.67\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.92 D, 0.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.41 D and 0.65\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.71 D, respectively. Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>, Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> &gt;1.0 D were present in 14.7%, 4.2% and 17.7% of cases, respectively. Anisometropia of spherical refraction (AnisoSR), Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> were higher the more negative the values of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content>. Hyperopic ametropia did not increase these anisometropia values. The correlations of Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> with the absolute values of interocular differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content> were non\u2010significant. Using the real values of the interocular differences, the respective correlations were significant. The correlation between the real interocular differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content> was negative (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.258, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Thus, the combined effect of the real interocular differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content> was a decrease in Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> (emmetropization).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> were associated with more myopic refraction and longer <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content>. Higher Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with more negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> and higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAST<\/jats:styled-content>. The negative correlation between real interocular differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AL<\/jats:styled-content> indicated their influence of emmetropization in Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content> and Aniso<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,8]],"date-time":"2016-06-08T11:54:25Z","timestamp":1465386865000},"page":"768-774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anisometropia of ocular refractive and biometric measures among 66\u2010 to 79\u2010year\u2010old female twins"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Olavi","family":"P\u00e4rssinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Central 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