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The <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>5<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u2010integrin plays a pivotal role in fibrosis, angiogenesis and inflammation. This is the first experiment evaluating the prevention of fibrosis after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFS<\/jats:styled-content> by a specific small molecule <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>5<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u2010integrin inhibitor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four rabbits received trabeculectomy on their right eyes. The rabbits were randomized into three groups of eight eyes each. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643 was given as a single subconjunctival injection intraoperatively to two of the right eye groups followed by postoperative vehicle eye drops (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>+ group) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643 eye drops 4\u00a0times daily (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>++ group). A third group received mitomycin\u2010C (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content>) intraoperatively (sponge application, 0.04%, 2\u00a0min) followed by vehicle eye drops postoperatively. The control\u2010surgery group consisted of 12 left eyes having trabeculectomy with no adjunctive therapy. The remaining 12 left eyes formed the untreated group. Clinical assessment included intraocular pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content>) measurement, slit\u2010lamp examination (including bleb survival and morphology) and bleb photography. The rabbits were killed after four weeks for histology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643\u2010treated groups showed significantly prolonged bleb survival, and better bleb score compared to the control\u2010surgery group. At end of the study, most functioning blebs were found in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content> group 75%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>+ group 12.5%, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>++ group 25%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>+ group 12.5%, control\u2010surgery group 0%). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643 was non\u2010toxic and well tolerated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This rabbit <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFS<\/jats:styled-content> study indicates that inhibition of <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>5<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u2010integrin by the novel <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>5<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u2010integrin antagonist <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643 significantly improved the outcome. The effect of a single intro\u2010operative application of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u201028643 seems to be inferior to 0.04% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]],"date-time":"2016-08-31T15:23:58Z","timestamp":1472657038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>\u03b1<\/i>5<i>\u03b2<\/i>1\u2010Integrin inhibitor (<scp>CLT<\/scp>\u201028643) effective in rabbit trabeculectomy model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6537-3153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Schultheiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Ophthalmology University Eye Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Schnichels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Ophthalmology University Eye Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva\u2010Maria","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Ophthalmology University Eye Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl U.","family":"Bartz\u2010Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Ophthalmology University Eye Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grit","family":"Zahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clanotech AB Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Caldirola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clanotech AB Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario G.","family":"Fsadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clanotech AB Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"International Pharm\u2010Med Ltd St. Albans UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ninus","family":"Caram\u2010Lelham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clanotech AB Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Encecor Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin S.","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Ophthalmology University Eye Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"GGRGDSPCA peptide: a new antiscarring agent on glaucoma filtration surgery","volume":"3213","author":"Avila M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmoc Surg Lasers"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-959034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van BergenT ZahnG CaldirolaP FsadniM Caram LelhamN VanderwaleE&StalmansI(2014):Inhibition of\u03b15\u03b21\u2010integrin significantly improves the surgical outcome of glaucoma surgery in mice compared to MMC. 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