{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:16:43Z","timestamp":1790507803701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shanghai Sailing Program","award":["17YF1410700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17YF1410700"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Program of The National Health and Family Planning Commission of China","award":["201402014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201402014"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai ShuGuang Program","award":["14SG18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14SG18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>A limited number of therapies are available for patients with metastatic eyelid sebaceous carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>). Programmed death receptor Ligand 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1) expression and its clinical significance in sebaceous cell carcinoma are presently unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This single centre, retrospective, and comparative study was conducted at the Ninth People's Hospital between August 1, 2013 and September 1, 2016. Twenty primary, 11 recurrent, and 10 lymph node metastatic eyelid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>s of 41 consecutive patients and paired control eyelid samples were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical staining of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 was performed on slides containing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content> embedded in paraffin wax. Patient clinical characteristics and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 expression related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content> prognostic values were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 41 patients with eyelid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>s, 58.5% (24\/41) were female, and 41.5% (17\/41) were male. A total of 43.9% (18\/41) were left\u2010sided, and 56.1% (23\/41) were right\u2010sided. A total of 2.4% (1\/41) of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>s were located at the canthus, 51.2% (21\/41) were located at the upper eyelid, 41.5% (17\/41) were located at the lower eyelids, and 2.4% (1\/41) invaded the lacrimal sac. A total of 24.4% of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>s were metastatic (10\/41), 48.8% (20\/41) were primary tumours, and 26.8% (11\/41) resulted from recurrence. A total of 48.8% (20\/41) were moderately graded and 51.2% (21\/41) were poorly graded. Programmed death receptor Ligand 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1) positive expression was found in 20 (48.8%) cases. Programmed death receptor Ligand 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1) expression was observed on the tumour cell membrane. Higher expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 was correlated with metastatic cases when compared with primary cases (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06.69, p\u00a0=\u00a00.001). There was a higher expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 in the poorly differentiated group compared with the moderately graded group (57.1% poorly graded versus 45.0% moderately graded).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inhibition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010L1 expression may be a therapeutic option for metastatic eyelid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>s, although this hypothesis needs to be tested in future clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T07:15:30Z","timestamp":1528096530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Programmed death receptor Ligand 1 expression in eyelid sebaceous carcinoma: a 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Ophthalmology Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renbing","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2468"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"150","article-title":"Eyelid tumours and pseudotumours in hong kong: a ten\u2010year experience","volume":"19","author":"Ho M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med 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