{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:55:00Z","timestamp":1790517300259,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean government","award":["2017R1A2B4011450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1A2B4011450"]}]},{"name":"SNUBH Research Fund","award":["02-2017-047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02-2017-047"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assessment of optic disc pallor in fundus photographs may be frequently misinterpreted due to the subjective nature of interpretation. We developed a fully automatic computer\u2010aided detection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>) system for optic disc pallor using colour fundus photographs and evaluated the accuracy of the system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A newly proposed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system was developed for automated segmentation and image analysis of optic disc pallor, and a logistic regression model was developed for risk analysis. A total of 230 photographs with variable degree of optic disc pallor, and 123 normal optic discs confirmed by optical coherence tomography were tested for validation of the software. Sensitivity and specificity of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system in automatic detection of optic disc pallor using colour fundus photographs were evaluated. The results of manual detection of optic disc pallor on fundus photographs by two independent ophthalmologists were compared with the efficacy of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The fully automated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system achieved a sensitivity of 95.3% and a specificity of 96.7% for detecting optic disc pallor in colour fundus images. The overall accuracy of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system was 96.1%, which was superior to the results of manual detection by individual examiners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed an automated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> system that successfully detected optic disc pallor in fundus photographs. The proposed algorithm can assist the clinical judgement of ophthalmologists for detecting optic disc pallor in fundus photographs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T15:02:43Z","timestamp":1541689363000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Automatic computer\u2010aided analysis of optic disc pallor in fundus photographs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1140-6036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Kyung","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1953-9845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji 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