{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T17:25:23Z","timestamp":1786296323162,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,27]],"date-time":"2019-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010318","name":"Landelijke Stichting voor Blinden en Slechtzienden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010372","name":"Rotterdamse Stichting Blindenbelangen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010372","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma [(P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content>]) is a rare malignancy of the eye localized in the retina, vitreous or choroid. Here, we aim to determine the value of the combination of innovative diagnostic methods for accurate differentiation between (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> and non\u2010(P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with suspect uveitis or vitritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Multicolour flow cytometric immunophenotyping of cells in the vitreous samples was performed using the EuroFlow small sample tube. Additionally, cytokines\/chemokines and growth factors were measured in the vitreous specimens using a multiplex immunoassay. Data were evaluated in predefined clinical subgroups using omniviz<\/jats:sc> unsupervised Pearson's correlation visualization and unsupervised heatmap analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 53 patients were prospectively included in the period 2012\u20132015. In the (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> subgroup (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010), nine cases showed aberrant surface membrane immunoglobulin (SmIg) light chain expression. In the non\u2010(P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> group (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a043) clearly skewed SmIg light chain expression was observed in two multiple sclerosis\u2010related uveitis cases, but not in other uveitis types. Soluble mediator measurement revealed high interleukin (IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u201010\/IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 ratios, and high IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101RA<\/jats:styled-content> levels in 9\/10 (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> cases, but not in any non\u2010(P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> case. Further correlation and heatmap analysis revealed a minimal signature of cellular parameters (CD<\/jats:styled-content>19+ B cells, aberrant SmIg light chain expression) and cytokine parameters (IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010\/IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 ratio >1, high IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010, high IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 RA<\/jats:styled-content>, high monocyte chemotactic protein\u20101, high macrophage inflammatory protein\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) to reliably distinguish (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> from non\u2010(P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Here, we show the power of a combined cellular and proteomics strategy for detecting (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> in vitreous specimens, especially in cases with minor cellular (P)VRL<\/jats:styled-content> infiltrates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T07:08:47Z","timestamp":1548659327000},"page":"626-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Combined cellular and soluble mediator analysis for improved diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Joeri","family":"de Hoog","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem A.","family":"Dik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Laboratory Medical Immunology Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim C.","family":"Heezen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Laboratory Medical Immunology Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4610-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josianne C.","family":"ten Berge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Erasmus MC Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid M. 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