{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:10:50Z","timestamp":1790813450621,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Permanent loss of visual function after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can occur despite successful surgical reattachment in humans. New treatment modalities could be explored in a detachment model with loss of retinal function. In previous porcine models, retinal function has returned after reattachment, regardless of height and duration of detachment. Difference in retinal tension between the models and the disease might explain these different outcomes. This study investigates, for the first time in an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> porcine model, another characteristic of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment \u2013 the loss of retinal tension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Left eyes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) of 3\u2010month\u2010old domestic pigs were included. Baseline multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and a fundus photograph were obtained following anaesthesia (isoflurane). The pigs were vitrectomized, saline was injected subretinally, and the RPE was removed. The eyes were evaluated at 2, 4 and 6\u00a0weeks after surgery. Four eyes were enucleated at each evaluation for histologic examinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retinal detachment structurally resembling rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was induced in 11 out of 12 pigs. MfERG amplitudes were significantly decreased despite partial reattachment four and 6\u00a0weeks after detachment. The retinal thickness decreased with 27%, the inner nuclear layer degenerated, M\u00fcller cells hypertrophied, and outer segments were lost. In the ganglion cell layer, cellularity increased and there was cytoplasmic staining with Cyclin D1. Vimentin and GFAP staining for glial cells increased. After 2\u00a0weeks of detachment, the ganglion cells had lost their nucleus and nucleolus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Loss of retinal tension in the detached retina seems to induce permanent damage with loss of retinal function. Death of ganglion cells, observed as soon as 2\u00a0weeks after detachment, explains the permanent loss of retinal function. The new model enables investigations of time\u2010relationship between retinal detachment and lasting damage in addition to exploration of novel treatment modalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]],"date-time":"2019-07-30T04:23:11Z","timestamp":1564460591000},"page":"145-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Loss of retinal tension and permanent decrease in retinal function: a new porcine model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6598-7462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina Buus","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders Tolstrup","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Troels Wesenberg","family":"Kj\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9849-0057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian","family":"Klemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten la","family":"Cour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5906-7670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steffen","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1356-8725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Warfvinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Experimental Research Glostrup Research Institute Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1054-1460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens Folke","family":"Kiilgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-5-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"906","article-title":"Retinal detachment in the cat: the pigment epithelial\u2010photoreceptor interface","volume":"24","author":"Anderson DH","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Morphological recovery in the reattached retina","volume":"27","author":"Anderson DH","year":"1986","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"990","article-title":"Apoptotic photoreceptor degeneration in experimental retinal detachment","volume":"36","author":"Cook B","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(72)90138-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"927","article-title":"Retinal detachment in the cat: the outer nuclear and outer plexiform layers","volume":"24","author":"Erickson PA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"1739","article-title":"Intraretinal proliferation induced by retinal detachment","volume":"32","author":"Fisher SK","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(01)31053-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"1708","article-title":"Retinal reattachment of the primate macula. 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