{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:33:22Z","timestamp":1790634802144,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluate choroidal structural changes in preterm children with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using image binarization technique on swept\u2010source optical coherence tomography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content>) scans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective case\u2013control study. Forty\u2010one (79 eyes) children aged 5\u201315\u00a0years with a history of preterm birth and 33 (63 eyes) age\u2010matched full\u2010term children were recruited. Demographics including gestational age at birth, birth weight and history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> were documented. All subjects had undergone complete eye examinations, including best\u2010corrected visual acuity and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content> imaging. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SFCT<\/jats:styled-content>) was calculated, and images were binarized to obtain stromal and luminal areas (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content>). The choroidal vascularity index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content>) was derived from the proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> to the total subfoveal choroidal area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant differences in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SFCT<\/jats:styled-content> between the preterm children with (286.63\u00a0\u00b1\u00a083.98\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m) or without (306.59\u00a0\u00b1\u00a077.29\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> and the full\u2010term children (311.82\u00a0\u00b1\u00a042.87; p\u00a0=\u00a00.20 and 0.67, respectively). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly reduced in the preterm children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> (68.66\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.24%; p\u00a0=\u00a00.005) compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content> in the full\u2010term control group (71.37\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.63%); however, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content> in the preterm children without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> (71.68\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.09%; p\u00a0=\u00a00.93) was not significantly affected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content> in preterm children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content> may indicate compromised choroidal vascularity. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVI<\/jats:styled-content> was found to be a more sensitive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content> biomarker than the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SFCT<\/jats:styled-content> and may be helpful in evaluating associated choroidal structural changes in preterm children, especially those with a history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T09:08:28Z","timestamp":1575623308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Choroidal structural changes in preterm children with and without retinopathy of prematurity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9854-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alenka","family":"Lavric","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital University Medical Centre Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manca","family":"Tekavcic Pompe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital University Medical Centre Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spela","family":"Markelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Hospital University Medical Centre Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1815-9947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianbin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarakshi","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Byers Eye institute Stanford Medical School Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Khandelwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Healthcare Group Eye Institute Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6662-5850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupesh","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"National Healthcare Group Eye Institute Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21090"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.184747"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.3.6.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000484631"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000866"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306207"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3662-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20120426-02"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Vascularization of the human fetal retina: roles of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Hughes S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2013.0093"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8108"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20170630-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Evaluation of retinal, choroidal thickness and retinal pigmented epithelium using cirrus SD\u2010OCT in Portuguese children with history of preterm birth","volume":"15","author":"Marques NS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vis Pan\u2010Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10599"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001879"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-0943-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32833cd40b"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6742"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8782"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13044"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-019-09695-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001312"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.5052"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2016.08.004"}],"container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Faos.14324","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aos.14324","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aos.14324","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aos.14324","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T10:03:03Z","timestamp":1693908183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aos.14324"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aos.14324"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.14324","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-375X","1755-3768"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-375X","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-3768","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}