{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T20:01:28Z","timestamp":1782763288314,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003397","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020kfyXGYJ068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020kfyXGYJ068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81900859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81900859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of COVID\u201019 patients caused by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in Wuhan, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 535 COVID\u201019 patients were recruited at Mobile Cabin Hospital and Tongji Hospital. Information on demographic characteristics, exposure history, ocular symptoms, eye drop medication, eye protections, chronic eye diseases, systemic concomitant symptoms, radiologic findings and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 detection in nasopharyngeal swabs by real\u2010time PCR was collected from questionnaires and electronic medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 535 patients, 27 patients (5.0%) presented with conjunctival congestion and 4 patients had conjunctival congestion as the initial symptom. The average duration of conjunctival congestion was 5.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.5\u00a0days (mean [SD]). The other ocular symptoms, including increased conjunctival secretion, ocular pain, photophobia, dry eye and tearing, were also found in patients with conjunctival congestion. Notably, hand\u2013eye contact was independently correlated with conjunctival congestion in COVID\u201019 patients. We also found that some COVID\u201019 patients had chronic eye diseases, including conjunctivitis (33, 6.2%), xerophthalmia (24, 4.5%) and keratitis (14, 2.6%). Similar to the published studies, the most common clinical symptoms were fever, cough and fatigue. A total of 343 patients (64.1%) had positive SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 detection in nasopharyngeal swabs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conjunctival congestion is one of the COVID\u201019\u2010related ocular symptoms, which could occur as the initial symptoms. Frequent hand\u2013eye contact may be the risk factor for conjunctival congestion in COVID\u201019 patients. Screening of patients with conjunctival congestion by ophthalmologists is advocated during the outbreak of COVID\u201019. It is essential to provide eye\u2010care equipment and strengthen education on eye protection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T14:54:12Z","timestamp":1589813652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":209,"title":["Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of 535 cases of COVID\u201019 in Wuhan, China: a cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4705-4754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6290-8709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaohua","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanjun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-4508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xufang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2010.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00058-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30360-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30313-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"National Health Commission of the people's republic of China. 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