{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:36:45Z","timestamp":1784659005281,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effect of contrast\u2010balanced dichoptic video game training on distance visual acuity (DVA) and stereo acuity has been investigated in severe\u2010to\u2010moderate amblyopia, but its effect on mild amblyopia and fixation stability has not been assessed. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of home\u2010based dichoptic video game on amblyopic eye DVA, stereo acuity and fixation stability in adults with mild amblyopia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized single\u2010masked design was adopted. The active 6\u2010week home\u2010based treatment was an anaglyphic, contrast\u2010balanced dichoptic video game, and the placebo was an identical non\u2010dichoptic game. Participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a023) had mild amblyopia (amblyopic DVA\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.28 log Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR)). The primary outcome was change in amblyopic DVA at 6\u00a0weeks postrandomization. Near visual acuity, stereo acuity and fixation stability (bivariate contour eclipse area) were also measured. Follow\u2010up occurred at 12 and 24\u00a0weeks postrandomization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean amblyopic eye DVA was 0.21\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.06 and 0.18\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.06 logMAR for the active (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) and placebo (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011) group, respectively. Amblyopic DVA improved significantly more in the active group (0.09\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.05) than in the placebo group (0.03\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04 logMAR; p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The difference between groups remained at 12\u00a0weeks postrandomization (p\u00a0=\u00a00.04) but not at 24\u00a0weeks (p\u00a0=\u00a00.43). Titmus stereo acuities improved significantly more in the active group (0.40 log arcsec) than in the placebo group (0.09 log arcsec) after 6\u00a0weeks of gameplay. The between\u2010group difference was still present at 24\u00a0weeks postrandomization (p\u00a0=\u00a00.05). There were no differences between groups on any other secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Home\u2010based dichoptic video gameplay may be an effective method to improve amblyopic DVA and stereo acuity in mild amblyopia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T12:18:05Z","timestamp":1601468285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effect of dichoptic video game treatment on mild amblyopia \u2013 a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1613-9408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C. 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