{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T13:25:14Z","timestamp":1781270714274,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010374","name":"Stichting Blindenhulp","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the long\u2010term longitudinal axial length changes in myopic and hyperopic adults with an iris\u2010fixated phakic intraocular lens (pIOL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of patients aged \u226518\u00a0years with myopia or hyperopia who were treated with pIOL implantation between 1996 and 2011 for refractive correction with a minimum follow\u2010up of 5\u00a0years after pIOL implantation were analyzed. The main outcome measure was change in ocular axial length over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>149 eyes of 149 myopic patients and 27 hyperopic eyes of 27 patients were included in this study. Mean patient age was 37.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.4\u00a0years (35% male) in the myopic group and 39.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.4\u00a0years (4% male) in the hyperopic group. The eyes of the myopic patients showed a significant mean increase in axial length of 0.45\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.61\u00a0mm after a mean follow\u2010up time of 144\u00a0\u00b1\u00a038\u00a0months (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In 26 eyes (17%), the axial length had increased by \u22651\u00a0mm. The mean annual axial length increase was 0.04\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.06\u00a0mm. Axial elongation was associated with a higher degree of myopia (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and younger age (p\u00a0=\u00a00.02). The eyes of the hyperopic patients showed no change in axial length over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myopic eyes corrected with an iris\u2010fixated pIOL show continuous increase in axial length at an adult age. Although this study is limited to subjects with a pIOL, this is the first time myopization in Caucasian adults has been reported in a large long\u2010term longitudinal study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T06:43:13Z","timestamp":1604040193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Long\u2010term longitudinal changes in axial length in the Caucasian myopic and hyperopic population with a phakic intraocular lens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6197-3322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoraida S.","family":"Gaurisankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3835-1087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwyneth A.","family":"van Rijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert W.","family":"Haasnoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7359-7862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginie J. 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