{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T11:31:58Z","timestamp":1785324718804,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To report the factors predictive of radio\u2010induced complications (i.e. radiation retinopathy [RR], radiation papillopathy [RP] and neovascular glaucoma [NVG]) in uveal melanoma (UM) patients undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal cohort study on patients with UM treated at the Ocular Oncology Service, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, between June 1994 and November 2018. Data were retrospectively reviewed. Rates of GKR\u2010related complications were reported. Variables associated with each complication were investigated using multivariable Cox models and confirmed by logistic regression analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for significant associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred ninety\u2010four patients (99 males, 51%) were included, and 184 tumours were primarily located in the choroid (95%). Median follow\u2010up was 57\u2009months (range 6\u2013286). Local control was achieved in 182 eyes (94%), and 152 eyes (78%) experienced at least one radiation\u2010induced complication. Radiation retinopathy was documented in 67 eyes (35%) after a median of 23\u2009months. Older age (HR\u2009=\u20090.97, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.95\u20130.99, p\u2009=\u20090.02) had a protective effect for RR. Radiation papillopathy was diagnosed in 35 eyes (18%) after a median of 14\u2009months after GKR. Macular or peripapillary location (HR\u2009=\u20093.06, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.52\u20136.16, p\u2009=\u20090.002) was associated with increased risk of RP, while older age was protective (HR\u2009=\u20090.95, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.93\u20130.98, p\u2009=\u20090.001). New\u2010onset NVG was found in 53 eyes (27%), and median onset was 28\u2009months. Tumour thickness (HR\u2009=\u20094.41, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.23\u20138.72, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and peripapillary location (HR\u2009=\u20092.78, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.46\u20135.27, p\u2009=\u20090.002) were the main risk factors associated with NVG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding factors predictive for radiation\u2010related complications in patients undergoing GKR might help for better counselling and treatment planning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]],"date-time":"2021-02-27T07:30:50Z","timestamp":1614411050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Predictive factors of radio\u2010induced complications in 194 eyes undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery for uveal melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2938-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Vittoria","family":"Cicinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maura","family":"Di Nicola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Oncology Service University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen Rosaria","family":"Gigliotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan 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