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A 3 or 4\u2009mm diameter disc of lAM, stained with 0.06% trypan blue, was inserted with a catheter through a sclerotomy and positioned over the MH. Gas or silicone\u2010oil tamponade was used. At 1\u2009year, the main outcome was anatomic success defined as complete MH closure. Secondary outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) recovery, changes in ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) defects, complications. Mean follow\u2010up was 13.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u2009months (range, 12\u201318).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean baseline data were minimum and maximum diameters, respectively, 945\u2009\u00b1\u2009330 and 1507\u2009\u00b1\u2009717\u2009\u03bcm; axial length 26.58\u2009\u00b1\u20093.38\u2009mm; and number of prior surgeries 1.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.96. At 1\u2009year, anatomic success was achieved in eight eyes (80%), and two had reduced diameter of MH. All RRDs were reattached without recurrence. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 1.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.58 to 1.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with nine eyes (90%) achieving \u22650.3 logMAR improvement. Mean EZ and ELM defects decreased (p\u2009=\u20090.004, p\u2009=\u20090.003, respectively). Postoperative complications were RRD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091) reattached by subsequent surgery, lAM slightly retracted under silicone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091), foveal atrophy after early lAM displacement (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 1\u2010year follow\u2010up highlighted that epiretinal large discs of blue\u2010stained lAM can help safely close refractory MHs, and provide satisfactory visual recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T03:36:10Z","timestamp":1621222570000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Epiretinal large disc of blue\u2010stained lyophilized amniotic membrane to treat complex macular holes: a 1\u2010year 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