{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T08:24:33Z","timestamp":1791015873503,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure the effects of Autologous serum (AS), Allogeneic Serum (HS) and\u00a0Umbilical Cord serum (CS) eye drops in severe dry eye disease (DES), as well as to\u00a0characterize and quantify several molecules in the three sera (albumin, fibronectin; Vitamin A and E; IgG, IgA and IgM; Transforming growth factor \u03b2; Epithelial growth factor).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized, double\u2010blind, single\u2010centre, three\u2010arm (AS, HS and CS) clinical trial. Sixty\u2010three subjects were included with severe DES, 21 in each arm of the study. Visual acuity, Schirmer test, Breakup time (BUT), lissamine green, fluorescein staining measurements and a questionnaire were performed prior to treatment, and after one\u2010month and three\u2010month follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant main effect of time on visual acuities, Schirmer and BUT tests and fluorescein and lissamine green staining measurements and questionnaire scores (p\u2009=\u20090.015, p\u2009=\u20090.002, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, p\u2009=\u20090.031 and p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively), although there was no significant interaction between time and serum type, nor between serum type and the test performed. Regarding the concentration of molecules, in our study AS contained significantly higher concentrations of IgA, IgG and fibronectin whereas HS contained significantly higher concentration of IgM, vitamins A and E, TGF and albumin. Contrary to previous reports, CS did not show higher concentration of any of the molecules analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The three sera were effective in the treatment of severe DES. CS did not contain a higher proportion of molecules compared to AS\/HS. More research is needed to assess the effect of AS in patients with DES and autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:55:47Z","timestamp":1623891347000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Autologous versus allogeneic versus umbilical cord sera for the treatment of severe dry eye disease: a double\u2010blind randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5513-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Calvo\u2010de\u2010Mora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department Hospital Regional Universitario M\u00e1laga Spain"},{"name":"Qvision Department of Ophthalmology Vithas Almer\u00eda 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