{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:41:55Z","timestamp":1763037715629,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the safety and efficacy of indirect ophthalmoscopy with (Sp) or without (speculum free, SpF) the use of lid speculum and scleral indentation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this crossover randomized controlled trial, preterm infants received either the Sp on their first and the SpF technique on their second examination a week later or <jats:italic>vice versa<\/jats:italic>. Video recordings of the infants\u2019 reactions were assessed by two observers, using Premature Infant Pain Profile\u2013Revised score and the crying score of the Bernese Pain Scale for Neonates. Fundoscopy adequacy, its duration and adverse events within the first 24\u2009hr postscreening were also recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010seven infants with median (interquartile range) gestational age of 28.7 (28.0, 30.2) weeks and mean (standard deviation, SD) birth weight 1225 (377) grams were enrolled. The mydriasis\u2010induced stress was similar between the Sp and SpF exam (mean difference [MD]: 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22120.83, 2.38; p\u2009=\u20090.33). The stress induced by fundoscopy (MD: 4.98, 95% CI: 3.58, 6.37; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and examination overall (MD: 2.32, 95% CI: 0.96, 3.67; p\u2009=\u20090.001) were higher in the Sp than in the SpF exam, and so was the crying score during fundoscopy (MD: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.56; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Adverse events in the two groups were similar (p\u2009=\u20090.13). Fundoscopy was adequate in identifying the absence of treatment\u2010requiring ROP in all cases, and lasted longer in the Sp than in the SpF exam (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study suggests that the use of speculum and indentation should be reserved for the few cases where fundus visualization is insufficient for excluding the presence of severe ROP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T21:22:26Z","timestamp":1640294546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Avoiding use of lid speculum and indentation reduced infantile stress during retinopathy of prematurity examinations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4238-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asimina","family":"Mataftsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Lithoxopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Neonatology School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini K.","family":"Seliniotaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Persefoni","family":"Talimtzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Social\u2010Preventive Medicine &amp; 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