{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T22:00:33Z","timestamp":1778623233945,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81570835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81570835"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have shown that the retinal nerve fibre layer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNFL<\/jats:styled-content>) thickness as surrogate of the optic nerve decreases with longer axial length. We explored which explanatory parameters might explain that association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants of the population\u2010based Beijing Eye Study 2011 without any retinal or optic nerve disease were selected based on a refractive error\u2010based stratified randomization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included of 632 participants (age: 59.1\u2009\u00b1\u20097.3\u2009years; axial length: 23.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2\u2009mm; range: 20.88\u201328.68\u2009mm). Thicker RNFL (mean: 101.0\u2009\u00b1\u200910.0\u2009\u03bcm) was associated (multivariable analysis) with smaller parapapillary gamma zone (defined as Bruch's membrane\u2010free parapapillary region) (standardized regression coefficient beta: \u22120.13; non\u2010stadardized regression coefficient B: \u22120.008; 95% confidence interval (CI): \u22120.014, \u22120.003; p\u2009=\u20090.005) and shorter disc\u2010fovea distance (beta: \u22120.15; B: \u22123.91; 95% CI: \u22126.60; \u22121.22; p\u2009=\u20090.004), after adjusting for age (beta: \u22120.22; B: \u2212030; 95% CI: \u22120.41, \u22120.19; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), gender (beta: 0.12; B: 2.37; 95% CI 0.77, 3.97; p\u2009=\u20090.004) and larger optic disc area (beta: 0.12; B: 0.12; 95% CI: 2.14; 95% CI: 0.54, 3.73; p\u2009=\u20090.009). RNFL thickness decreased by 8\u2009\u03bcm (95% CI: 3, 14) for each mm increase in gamma zone width, and by 3.91\u2009\u03bcm (95% CI: 1.22, 6.60) for each mm elongation of the disc\u2010fovea distance. If disc\u2010fovea distance and gamma zone width were replaced by axial length, the latter was correlated with RNFL thickness (beta: \u22120.37; B: \u22123.12; 95% CI: \u22123.88, \u22122.35; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Longer disc\u2010fovea distance was directly associated with larger gamma zone (beta: 0.50; B: p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The RNFL thickness decrease with longer axial length is associated with a longer optic disc\u2010fovea distance and larger parapapillary gamma zone. Longer disc\u2010fovea distance and larger gamma zone lead to an elongation and stretching of the retinal nerve fibres, potentially causing a thinning or loss of the nerve fibres. It may explain the occurrence of visual field defects in some non\u2010glaucomatous highly myopic eyes without macular correlates of the perimetric defects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T11:04:18Z","timestamp":1643108658000},"page":"632-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in association with gamma zone width and disc\u2010fovea distance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-5227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jost B.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University  Mannheim Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda\u2010Jonas  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan Ni","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences Key Lab Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory  Beijing China"},{"name":"Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital Medical College of Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7983-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen Bin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences Key Lab Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul A.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00175988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.0567"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.08.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7481"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"484","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cell loss is size dependent in experimental glaucoma","volume":"32","author":"Glovinsky Y","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2016.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4888"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(89)32838-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"736","article-title":"Histomorphometry of the human optic nerve","volume":"31","author":"Jonas JB","year":"1990","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"2012","article-title":"Human optic nerve fiber count and optic disc size","volume":"33","author":"Jonas JB","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047237"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14206"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138701"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopthalmol.2011.1576"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1055068"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70583-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31305-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30784-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23479-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312162"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002043"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(88)33176-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080100121056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WangYX PanZ ZhaoL YouQS XuL&JonasJB(2013).Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. 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