{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:58:51Z","timestamp":1773867531786,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the effects of cyclosporine A (CsA) in the management of atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Open single\u2010group interventional consecutive cohort study (case series) at a single eye care facility in the UK. We reviewed the electronic patient records of 99 children and young people (CYP) aged 3.4\u201318\u2009years with AKC treated with topical CsA 1\u00a0mg\/ml. Main outcome measures were number of prescriptions and hospital clinic visits over 12\u2009months before and after the start of CsA and the proportion of CYP affected by adverse effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median number of inflammatory episodes requiring treatment with topical corticosteroids (tCS) fell from 3 (interquartile range IQR 1\u20134) during the 12\u2009months prior to CsA to 1 (IQR 0\u20133) during the 12\u2009months after, excluding tCS prescriptions with the first CsA prescription (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, 2 tailed, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.01). In the 12\u2010month period following initiation of CsA 1\u00a0mg\/ml with concomitant prescription of tCS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200966), daily dosage of steroids was reduced in 62 CYP (93.9%), and they were discontinued in 43 (65.2%). The median number of hospital visits fell from 4 (IQR 3\u20136) to 3 (IQR 2\u20135; Wilcoxon <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.01). Adverse events leading to discontinuation of CsA were stinging (instillation site pain; 9\/99, 9%) and a transient skin rash (1\/99, 1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Off\u2010label use of commercial preparations of CsA 1\u00a0mg\/ml significantly reduces the need for concomitant topical corticosteroids and hospital clinic visits in CYP with AKC. Stinging and skin rash can lead to discontinuation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T06:40:08Z","timestamp":1664001608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Topical cyclosporine A 1\u00a0mg\/ml for atopic keratoconjunctivitis: Five\u2010year case series of 99 children and young people"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7402-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annegret H.","family":"Dahlmann\u2010Noor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre  London UK"},{"name":"Children's Service Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Service 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