{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:49:26Z","timestamp":1792028966822,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]],"date-time":"2022-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the phenotype, tear secretion and refractive changes of patients diagnosed with peripheral hypertrophic subepithelial corneal opacification (PHSCO).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective, interventional case series conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. Medical records of patients diagnosed with PHSCO were analysed. Sex, age, fluorescein tear film breakup time (FTBUT), Schirmer Test II, iris colour and hair colour were assessed. Objective refraction was evaluated at different time points and, in case of surgery, 1\u2009month and 1\u2009year postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred ninety\u2010five eyes of 112 patients (78.6% female, 21.4% male; mean age 56.2\u00a0\u00b1\u200914.3) were included. The median FTBUT was 6\u00a0sec. (Q1: 4\/Q3: 8.75; range 1\u201320\u2009s) (measured in 70 eyes of 36 patients), the median Schirmer Test II was 8\u2009mm (Q1: 5\/ Q3:15; range 1\u201335\u2009mm). In 83 patients (74.1%) both eyes were involved. In 86 eyes of 64 patients (55.3%) superficial keratectomy was performed. Sphere and cylinder changed significantly 1\u2009month and 1\u2009year postoperative compared to the pre\u2010operative objective refraction, while there was no significant change between 1\u2009month and 1\u2009year postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that PHSCO occurs mostly bilaterally in middle\u2010aged women and appears to be associated with decreased tear production and reduced tear film stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T07:30:38Z","timestamp":1670225438000},"page":"443-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk factors for peripheral hypertrophic subepithelial corneal 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7025-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Wasielica\u2010Poslednik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Gericke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz  Mainz 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