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Our examinations included fundus photographs. Semi\u2010automated software (Vesselmap, Imedos) served for evaluation of central retinal arterial equivalent (CRAE) and venular equivalent (CRVE), and arterio\u2010venous ratio (AVR) in both eyes. We assessed fundus photographs to subjectively grade microvascular abnormalities in the ipsilateral eyes including focal arteriolar narrowing and irregularities, arteriolar wall reflex, arterio\u2010venous crossing signs and arteriolar and venular tortuosity in the macula.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CRAE was similar in the ipsi\u2010and contralateral eyes of our patients, and similar to that of the controls both pre\u2010 and postoperatively. Preoperatively, we observed higher CRVE in the patients' ipsilateral than in their contralateral eyes (222 vs. 217\u2009\u03bcm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009), and likewise higher than in controls' eyes (222 vs. 214\u2009\u03bcm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.024). CRVE decreased postoperatively in the patients' ipsilateral eyes (222 vs. 217\u2009\u03bcm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037). Among the microvascular abnormalities, arteriolar and venular tortuosity in the macula showed higher grades in the patients than in the controls preoperatively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.043), but not postoperatively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.15 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.10).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CRVE decreased after CEA, showing that venules constrict after the mechanical hindrance of blood flow is removed. Higher grades in arteriolar and venular tortuosity in the macula, a potential ocular biomarker of CS, subsided after CEA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,29]],"date-time":"2023-01-29T13:51:36Z","timestamp":1675000296000},"page":"536-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Retinal vessel diameters and microvascular abnormalities in patients with carotid stenosis before and 6\u00a0months after carotid endarterectomy: A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7871-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Ala\u2010Kauhaluoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki 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