{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:19:58Z","timestamp":1790864398163,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the 1\u2010year myopia control efficacy of a spectacle lens with annular cylindrical microstructures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 118 consecutive eligible children aged 8\u201312\u2009years with \u22121.00 D to \u22124.00 D of spherical component myopia and &lt;1.50 D astigmatism were enrolled between August 2020 and November 2020 at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Participants were randomly assigned to wear cylindrical annular refractive element (CARE) (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a061) or single\u2010vision (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a057) spectacle lenses. Cycloplegic autorefraction (spherical equivalent refraction [SER]) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and 6\u2010month intervals. Adaptation and compliance questionnaires were administered during all visits.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 118 randomized participants, 96 (81.4%) were included in the analyses (mean [SE] age, 10.4 [0.6] years; 49 [51.0%] were female; mean [SE] spherical equivalent refractive error, \u22122.67 [0.66] D; mean [SE] axial length, 24.75 [0.77] mm). Adjusted 1\u2010year myopia progression was \u22120.56 D for CARE and \u22120.71 D for single\u2010vision spectacle lenses. The difference in progression was 0.14 D (95% CI, \u22120.04 to 0.32) for CARE vs single vision. Adjusted 1\u2010year eye growth was 0.27\u2009mm for CARE and 0.35\u2009mm for single vision. The difference in eye growth was 0.09\u2009mm (95% CI, \u22120.15 to \u22120.02) for CARE vs single vision. All groups adapted to their lenses with no reported adverse events, complaints, or discomfort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among children with myopia, treatment with cylindrical annular refractive element spectacle lenses significantly reduced the rate of axial elongation over 1\u00a0year compared with single\u2010vision spectacle lenses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T06:11:32Z","timestamp":1676268692000},"page":"651-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["One\u2010year myopia control efficacy of cylindrical annular refractive element spectacle lenses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2798-448X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinting","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital Wenzhou 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