{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T02:07:30Z","timestamp":1793844450287,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PA 4282\/1\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PA 4282\/1\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is a hallmark feature of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). We identified three distinct CVH phenotypes in CSC: uni\u2010focal indistinct signs of choroidal hyperpermeability (uni\u2010FISH) with one focal area of CVH, multiple areas of focal CVH (multi\u2010FISH), and diffuse hyperpermeability covering most of the posterior pole (DISH). This report investigates the distribution of these phenotypes and their association with signs of disease chronicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CERTAIN study is a monocentric, retrospective study on consecutive CSC patients referred to a large tertiary referral centre that underwent ultra\u2010widefield (UWF) and 55\u00b0 ICGA. Two independent graders assessed CVH patterns based on mid\u2010 to late\u2010phase UWF and 55\u00b0 ICGA with a third grader acting as referee.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 167 eyes of 91 patients included in this study, 43 (26%) showed uni\u2010FISH, 87 (52%) multi\u2010FISH, and 34 (20%) showed DISH based on UWF ICGA. Median age (40 vs. 45 vs. 57;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and logMAR visual acuity (0 vs. 0 vs. 0.1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) differed significantly in\u2010between groups, as did the occurrence of cystoid retinal degeneration (PCRD; 0% vs. 1% vs. 18%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) or diffuse atrophic RPE alterations (DARA; 0% vs. 17% vs. 29%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The same was true when grading was based on 55\u00b0 ICGA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CVH patterns of uni\u2010FISH, multi\u2010FISH, and DISH are typical of CSC. These patterns correlate with established signs of CSC chronicity. Their predictive role in treatment response and prognosis remains to be evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.16679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T23:40:53Z","timestamp":1712014853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Choroidal hyperpermeability patterns correlate with disease severity in central serous chorioretinopathy:\n                    <scp>CERTAIN<\/scp>\n                    study report 2"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7671-8391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurenz J. B.","family":"Pauleikhoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9708-2898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roselie M. H.","family":"Diederen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Chang\u2010Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9313-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette C.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinier O.","family":"Schlingemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Ocular Angiogenesis Group Amsterdam University Medical Centers  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Lausanne, Jules\u2010Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elon H. 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