{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:55:19Z","timestamp":1791348919691,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify ellipsoid zone (EZ) loss during anti\u2010VEGF therapy for neovascular age\u2010related macular degeneration (nAMD) and correlate these findings with nAMD disease activity using artificial intelligence\u2010based algorithms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering) images from nAMD treatment\u2010na\u00efve patients from the Fight Retinal Blindness! (FRB!) Registry from Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland were processed at baseline and over 3\u2009years of follow\u2010up. An approved deep learning algorithm (Fluid Monitor, RetInSight) was used to automatically quantify intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF) and pigment epithelial detachment (PED). An ensemble U\u2010net deep learning algorithm was used to automated quantify EZ integrity based on EZ layer thickness. The impact of fluid volumes on EZ thickness and late\u2010stages outcomes were calculated using Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum tests, a linear mixed model and a longitudinal panel regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred and eleven eyes from 158 patients were included. The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD EZ loss area in the central 6\u2009mm was 1.81\u2009\u00b1\u20092.68\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      at baseline and reached 6.21\u2009\u00b1\u20096.15\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      at month 36. Higher fluid volumes (top 25%) of IRF and PED in the central 1 and 6\u2009mm of the macula were significantly associated with more advanced EZ thinning and loss compared to the low fluid volume subgroup. The high SRF subgroup in the linear regression model showed no statistically significant association with EZ integrity in the central macula; however, the longitudinal analysis revealed an increased EZ thickness with no additional loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intraretinal fluid and PED volumes and their resolution pattern have an impact on alteration of the underlying EZ layer. AI\u2010supported quantifications are helpful in quantifying early signs of macular atrophy and providing individual risk profiles as a basis for tailored therapies for optimized visual outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.16799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T07:17:31Z","timestamp":1731568651000},"page":"295-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Correlation of retinal fluid and photoreceptor and RPE loss in neovascular AMD by automated quantification, a real\u2010world FRB! analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6127-6770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Mares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Federal University of Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7661-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor S.","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Gumpinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Leigang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RetInSight GmbH  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hrvoje","family":"Bogunovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5431-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Barthelmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcio B.","family":"Nehemy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Federal University of Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Schmidt\u2010Erfurth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.958469"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01354-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.7.6.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-16735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02154-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1054455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.11.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318296b271"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Approved AI\u2010based fluid monitoring to identify morphological and functional treatment outcomes in related macular degeneration in real\u2010world routine","volume":"108","author":"Mares V.","year":"2023","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.11.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62329-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2023.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002717"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2022.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03716-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-022-05716-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"549","article-title":"A view of the current and future role of optical coherence tomography in the management of age\u2010related macular degeneration","volume":"125","author":"Schmidt\u2010Erfurth U.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02077-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2021-000957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11101024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10040438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.778404"}],"container-title":["Acta Ophthalmologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aos.16799","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T02:53:59Z","timestamp":1744340039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aos.16799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aos.16799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.16799","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-375X","1755-3768"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-375X","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-3768","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}